摘要
背景:肥胖是心血管疾病的主要危险因素,严重影响内皮依赖性血管舒张,导致高血压和血管损伤。血管舒缩反应对细胞外内分泌物,如autacoid(如乙酰胆碱)的损害主要依赖于一氧化氮(NO)生物利用度的降低,而一氧化氮的降低阻碍了大导管的血管舒张。此外,肥胖还可能影响内皮依赖性超极化(EDH),从而导致小动脉和小动脉的血管舒张。值得注意的是,内皮细胞Ca2+信号驱动NO释放并触发EDH。 方法:对文献数据库进行结构化检索,检索最具影响力的最新文章,这些文章涉及肥胖动物模型(包括肥胖的Zucker大鼠)血管舒张功能受损,以及在模拟肥胖的条件下内皮Ca2+工具箱的重构。此外,我们还搜索了讨论如何利用饮食控制来挽救Ca2+依赖性血管舒张的文章。 结果:我们发现内皮细胞Ca2+可能受到肥胖血管的严重影响。这种重排可能导致内皮损伤,并可能参与血管舒张机制的破坏。然而,包括香草酸样瞬时受体电位(TRPV) 1、3、4在内的多个Ca2+可通过多种食物成分刺激肥胖个体以致血管舒张。 结论:内皮细胞Ca2+工具箱可以减少血管损伤,挽救肥胖血管内皮依赖性血管舒张。然而,这一假设仍有待于在真正肥胖者的内皮细胞上进行研究。
关键词: 血管舒张,内皮依赖性超极化,血管损伤,肥胖血管,肥胖,心血管疾病。
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