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Review Article

Osteoporosis: Current and Emerging Therapies Targeted to Immunological Checkpoints

Author(s): Massimo De Martinis, Maria Maddalena Sirufo and Lia Ginaldi*

Volume 27, Issue 37, 2020

Page: [6356 - 6372] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190730113123

open access plus

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a skeletal pathology characterized by compromised bone strength leading to increased risk of fracture, mainly the spine and hip fractures. Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide and because of the skeletal fractures it causes, represents a major cause of morbidity, disability and mortality in older people. Recently, the new discoveries of osteoimmunology have clarified many of the pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis, helping to identify new immunological targets for its treatment opening the way for new and effective therapies with biological drugs. Currently, there are basically two monoclonal antibodies for osteoporosis therapy: denosumab and romosozumab. Here, we focus on the modern approach to the osteoporosis management and in particular, on current and developing biologic drugs targeted to new immunological checkpoints, in the landscape of osteoimmunology.

Keywords: Osteoporosis, osteoimmunology, bone remodeling, cytokines, immunological checkpoints, biological therapies.

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