Effect of Graphene on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Metal Matrix Composites

Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs), an advanced class of materials with exceptional mechanical properties and tailored functionality have emerged as a promising option for a wide range of applications. Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon allotrope with remarkable properties, has the potential to further enhance the structural integrity and mechanical performance of MMCs when integrated into them. Therefore, this article reviews the results obtained from a thorough examination of the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal-based composites, focusing on the impact of graphene reinforcement. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of graphene-based MMCs are highly influenced by the amount of graphene present, the process used, and the presence of defects. In general, graphene addition has shown improvement in the mechanical strength, and hardness of MMCs due to refinement in grain size. MMC characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction have been discussed to understand the graphene’s dispersion, interfacial bonding with metal, and crystallographic changes in MMC. Based on the outcomes, it can be concluded that graphene-based MMCs have the potential to revolutionize a wide range of industries, from aerospace and automotive to electronics and energy storage.