Abstract
In this chapter, we will explore various methods and statistical tests used
in hypothesis validation and sample comparison. We will begin with an introduction to the formulation of scientific and statistical hypotheses and discuss the determination of the appropriate sample size. Next, we will delve into the analysis
of independent and related samples, examining techniques, such as the one-sample
binomial test, one-sample method, one-sample runs test, two-sample chi-squared
test, two-sample Kolmogorov test, two-sample runs test, and two-sample U test.
These tools will provide researchers and scientists with the ability to rigorously
evaluate their hypotheses and compare samples in a reliable manner.
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