Dual Solutions of Magneto-Radiative Ag-Water Nanofluid Slip Flow Across the Porous Medium Due to a Permeable Contracting Surface with Heat Generation: Stability Analysis

The current study looks at the heat transfer of a magneto-radiative nanofluid over an exponentially contracting permeable sheet in the existence of heat generation with numerous slip boundary constraints. It also looks at the stability and duality of solutions. Here, a waterbased fluid with silver (Ag) nanoparticles is employed. Before being computed by bvp4c in the Matlab program, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into dimensionless nonlinear ODEs via a similarity transformation. Due to the contracting surface scenario, a dual-nature solution can only be found if a sufficient suction value is used. We may infer from stability investigation that the first one is stable while the second one is unstable. A stable solution makes sense with the least positive eigenvalues, but a lower unstable solution indicates negative eigenvalues. The Nusselt number and the skin-friction factor may be improved by increases in the silver nanoparticle’s solid volume percentage. The least eigenvalue converges to zero as the suction and contracting surface parameters reach their critical values. Nanofluids that are magnetic and radiative can be used to create beautiful and effective electromagnetic devices, including in the areas of clothing, paper, plastics, food colorants, cars, cancer therapy, medicines, ceramics, soaps, and paints.