Abstract
Humans are host to oral microbiomes in a positive relationship which is a
critical determinant for regulating oral symbiosis. When the balanced condition is
transformed into an acidic environment, the percentage. mutans streptococci and
Lactobacillus species increase. However, to be beneficial in the oral cavity, probiotics
must first aggregate and attach to the oral tissue, creating a protective barrier to prevent
the colonisation of the pathogenic microorganisms. The growth and activity of
probiotics are enhanced by nondigestive oligosaccharides, namely, prebiotics, which
cannot be digested by the host but enhance the beneficial effects of probiotics by
selectively stimulating the growth and activities of the probiotics.
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