Abstract
Plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles secreted by plant
cells, with a lipid bilayer as the basic skeleton, which encapsulates various active
substances such as proteins and nucleic acids. Plant exosomes are nanoscale vesicles
secreted by plant cells, containing DNA, small RNA, sRNA, microRNA, miRNA and
proteins, which mediate cell-to-cell communication. Plant exosomes play anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-fibrosis, anti-tumor and other roles through the substances
contained in them, and participate in the defense response to pathogen invasion. Plant
exosome nanoparticles are mostly edible and can be used as delivery vehicles for
specific drugs without toxicity or side effects. In this chapter, the recent literature
reports on plant exosomes are reviewed, and the sources and functions of plant
exosomes are summarized and analyzed.
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