The Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis of Cholesterol Gallstones

doi:10.2174/0929867324666170530080636
摘要

胆固醇胆结石病是西方国家的主要健康问题，它取决于遗传因素，生活方式和饮食之间的复杂相互作用，并取决于特定的致病机制。体重过重，肥胖，血脂异常，胰岛素抵抗和胆固醇稳态改变与胆结石发生率增加有关，一些研究指出许多特定营养素是人类胆结石形成的危险或保护因素。人们对识别常见和可改变的饮食因素（使患者处于胆结石风险或能够预防胆结石形成和生长）的兴趣日益浓厚。尤其是饮食模型，其特征在于高精制糖和甜食的能量摄入增加，果糖摄入高，纤维含量低，高脂肪，快餐消费和维生素C摄入减少，增加了胆结石形成的风险。另一方面，大量摄入单不饱和脂肪和纤维，橄榄油和鱼类（ω-3脂肪酸），植物蛋白，水果，咖啡，适度饮酒和补充维生素C起到保护作用。不能排除一些混杂因素（例如体育锻炼）的影响，但是必须牢记关于饮食对胆固醇胆结石具有多种有益作用的一般建议，尤其是在胆结石形成高风险人群中。
关键词: 热量摄入，饮食，纤维，大量营养素，肥胖，体重减轻。
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170530080636	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X
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