基于血液的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物：诊断算法和新技术

Title:Blood-Based Biomarkers of Alzheimer´s Disease: Diagnostic Algorithms and New Technologies

Volume: 13 Issue: 4

Author(s): Pedro Carmona, Marina Molina, Adolfo Toledano

Affiliation:

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病；淀粉样蛋白；生物标志物；血液；血细胞；细胞因子；趋化因子；血浆；轻度认知障碍；血清；血液蛋白；振动光谱。

摘要: New concepts about Alzheimer's disease (AD), considered as a clinical-biological entity, make essential the definition of biomarkers that could be used for the in vivo diagnosis of the disorder before dementia develops. Different types of genetic, biochemical and neuroimaging markers have been described, highlighting some of the changes that occur in the brain during the course of the disease, yet there is little proof of their pathognomonic and diagnostic value. Furthermore, many of the assays used are difficult to perform, the equipment/reagents are expensive or potentially hazardous (e.g.; use of radioactive compounds, CSF extraction). Thus, there is a need to define more suitable and convenient approaches, such as the determination of blood parameters that are easy to obtain and that can be repeated as necessary without contraindications. These data can be used by algorithms that combine specific and non-specific changes to classify patients at different stages of AD and/or distinguish AD from other related diseases with a greater specificity and reliability (> 80%). The blood parameters considered in this review are varied, including: β-amyloid, tau, apolipoproteins and proteins, as well as the metabolic behavior of blood cells, etc. Among the proteins, cytokines/chemokines and other cell factors related to both neuro-inflammatory and peripheral-inflammatory processes in AD are of prime importance. New technologies to detect and quantify these substances, reasonably priced such as the vibrational spectroscopy, panels of parameters and algorithms to assess the results, would be fundamental for the early AD diagnosis and to define new potential therapies.

Cite this article as:

Pedro Carmona, Marina Molina, Adolfo Toledano , Blood-Based Biomarkers of Alzheimer´s Disease: Diagnostic Algorithms and New Technologies, Current Alzheimer Research 2016; 13 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666151116130301