癌细胞的形态与功能特征

Title:Morphological and Functional Characteristic of Senescent Cancer Cells

Volume: 17 Issue: 4

Author(s): Ewa Sikora, Grazyna Mosieniak and Malgorzata Alicja Sliwinska

Affiliation:

关键词: 细胞自我吞噬，DNA损伤，坏死原因，有丝分裂障碍，多倍体，多能性。

摘要: Cellular senescence is the state of permanent proliferation cessation. There are two types of cell senescence. One is replicative senescence, which relies on telomere length-dependent limit of cell divisions. The second is stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) which is telomere- independent. Cell senescence is a barrier to cancer. Paradoxically senescent cells, which are metabolically active secrete factors which can be procancerogenic. The main culprit of cell senescence is DNA damage and DNA damage response. Although cancer cells frequently possess mutations in two main signalling pathways involved in cell senescence, namely p53/p21 and p16/Rb, they still preserve the ability to undergo DNA damage-induced senescence. Cancer cell senescence is a new promising target for anticancer therapy. It was shown that many types of cancer cells can undergo SIPS. Senescent cancer cells have generally the same features as normal cells, such as enlarged size, accumulation of DNA damage foci and increased activity of Senescence-Associated β- galactosidase. Moreover senescent cancer cells are frequently polyploid and it was shown that polyploidy might be connected with abnormal cell division, which leads to the appearance of small descendants. In this review we will focus on morphological hallmarks of senescent cancer cells as well as their functional capabilities, such as secretion, polyploidization, and stemness. We will also discuss links with autophagy, mitotic catastrophe and the propensity of senescent cells to regain proliferative activities. We would like to show the complexity of cancer cell phenotype arising after anticancer treatment and difficulties in interpretation of the experimental data.

Cite this article as:

Ewa Sikora, Grazyna Mosieniak and Malgorzata Alicja Sliwinska , Morphological and Functional Characteristic of Senescent Cancer Cells, Current Drug Targets 2016; 17 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666151019094724