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Current Cancer Drug Targets

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ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

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Review Article

Investigating the Influence of Gut Microbiota-related Metabolites in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Author(s): Zeynab Marzhoseyni, Zahra Shaghaghi, Maryam Alvandi* and Maria Shirvani

Volume 24, Issue 6, 2024

Published on: 11 January, 2024

Page: [612 - 628] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0115680096274860231111210214

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major health concern due to its prevalence, impact on well-being, high mortality rate, economic burden, and potential for prevention and early detection. GI cancer research has made remarkable strides in understanding biology, risk factors, and treatment options. An emerging area of research is the gut microbiome's role in GI cancer development and treatment response. The gut microbiome, vital for digestion, metabolism, and immune function, is increasingly linked to GI cancers. Dysbiosis and alterations in gut microbe composition may contribute to cancer development. Scientists study how specific bacteria or microbial metabolites influence cancer progression and treatment response. Modulating the gut microbiota shows promise in enhancing treatment efficacy and preventing GI cancers. Gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact GI cancer through inflammation, metabolite production, genotoxicity, and immune modulation. Microbes produce metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and secondary metabolites. These affect host cells, influencing processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage, and immune regulation, all implicated in cancer development. This review explores the latest research on gut microbiota metabolites and their molecular mechanisms in GI cancers. The hope is that this attempt will help in conducting other relevant research to unravel the precise mechanism involved, identify microbial signatures associated with GI cancer, and develop targets.

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