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Current Cancer Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1568-0096
ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

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Review Article

An Updated Review on Molecular Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Therapy of Colorectal Cancer

Author(s): Shruthi Nagainallur Ravichandran, Makalakshmi Murali Kumar, Alakesh Das, Antara Banerjee, Suhanya Veronica, Alexander Sun-Zhang, Hong Zhang, Muralidharan Anbalagan, Xiao-Feng Sun* and Surajit Pathak*

Volume 24, Issue 6, 2024

Published on: 29 November, 2023

Page: [595 - 611] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0115680096270555231113074003

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide. Since colorectal cancer takes time to develop, its incidence and mortality can be treated effectively if it is detected in its early stages. As a result, non-invasive or invasive biomarkers play an essential role in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Many experimental studies have been carried out to assess genetic, epigenetic, or protein markers in feces, serum, and tissue. It may be possible to find biomarkers that will help with the diagnosis of colorectal cancer by identifying the genes, RNAs, and/or proteins indicative of cancer growth. Recent advancements in the molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, DNA methylation, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, exosomes, and their involvement in colorectal cancer have led to the discovery of novel biomarkers. In small-scale investigations, most biomarkers appear promising. However, large-scale clinical trials are required to validate their effectiveness before routine clinical implementation. Hence, this review focuses on small-scale investigations and results of big data analysis that may provide an overview of the biomarkers for the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of colorectal cancer.

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