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Review Article

指导缺氧肿瘤微环境和 HIF 阐明癌症免疫疗法在药物靶点方面的现有前景和挑战

卷 23, 期 5, 2022

发表于: 01 March, 2022

页: [471 - 485] 页: 15

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450123666220111114649

价格: $65

摘要

癌症现在也被反映为肿瘤微环境的疾病，主要被认为是一种失控的遗传和细胞表达疾病。在过去的二十年里，在认识肿瘤微环境的动态及其对影响对各种抗癌疗法和药物的反应的贡献方面取得了重大而迅速的进展。肿瘤微环境的调节和免疫检查点阻断在癌症免疫治疗和药物靶点中很有趣。同时，可以通过调节免疫调节通路来实施免疫治疗策略；然而，肿瘤微环境通过其显着的异质性在抑制抗肿瘤免疫方面发挥着重要作用。缺氧诱导因子 (HIF) 是实体瘤异质性的重要贡献者，也是肿瘤微环境中驱动适应以防止免疫监视的关键压力源。这里的检查点抑制剂会阻止癌细胞阻止免疫系统激活的能力，进而放大人体的免疫系统以帮助破坏癌细胞。这些抑制剂影响的常见检查点是 PD-1/PDL1 和 CTLA-4 通路，涉及的重要药物主要是 Ipilimumab 和 Nivolumab，以及该组中的其他药物。针对缺氧肿瘤微环境可能提供一种新的免疫治疗策略，打破传统的癌症治疗耐药性，构建个性化精准医疗和癌症药物靶点的框架。我们希望这些知识能够深入了解靶向缺氧的治疗潜力，并帮助开发新的抗癌药物组合方法，以提高现有癌症疗法（包括免疫疗法）的有效性。

关键词: 肿瘤微环境、缺氧、HIF、免疫治疗、检查点抑制剂、免疫监测、精准医疗。

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