Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Fruit Extracts on Diet-Induced Obesity in Rodents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cíntia   R.   Ballard; Tais   F.   Galvão; Cinthia   B.B.   Cazarin; Mário   R.   Maróstica

doi:10.2174/1381612824666191010170100

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a complex condition of high prevalence and cost to the public health system. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of natural products, such as polyphenol-rich fruit extracts, for use in the treatment of obesity. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the metabolic effects of polyphenol-rich fruit extracts on diet-induced obesity (DIO) in rodents.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to identify preclinical studies that assessed polyphenol-rich fruit extracts compared to placebo on DIO in rodents in December 2018. Two researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of studies. Meta-analyses of standardized mean difference (SMD) of outcomes were calculated in Stata 11, and causes of heterogeneity were assessed by meta-regression.

Results: We included 14 studies in the systematic review and 13 studies with 21 matched groups in the metaanalysis. Polyphenol-rich fruit extracts reduced the total body weight gain (SMD = -1.48; confidence interval: - 1.95, -1.01), energy intake (SMD = -0.42; -0.67, -0.17), visceral adipose tissue (SMD = -0.96; -1.25, -0.66), triglycerides (SMD = -1.00; -1.39, -0.62), cholesterol (SMD = -1.18, -1.66, -0.69), LDL- c (SMD = -1.15; -1.65, - 0.65), fasting glucose (SMD = -1.05; -1.65, -0.46), and fasting insulin (SMD = -1.40; -1.80, -1.00) when compared to vehicle.

Conclusion: Polyphenol-rich fruit extract had positive effects on weight gain, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance at different doses, and fruit source in male mice.

Keywords: Weight gain, adipose tissue, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, bioactive compounds, antiobesity agents, plant extracts, phenolic compounds.

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Anhê FF, Roy D, Pilon G, et al. A polyphenol-rich cranberry extract protects from diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and intestinal inflammation in association with increased Akkermansia spp. population in the gut microbiota of mice. Gut  2015; 64: 872-83.
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Donado-Pestana CM, Belchior T, Festuccia WT, Genovese MII. Phenolic compounds from cambuci (Campomanesia phaea O. Berg) fruit attenuate glucose intolerance and adipose tissue inflammation induced by a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Food Res Int  2015; 69: 170-8.
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Donado-Pestana CM, Belchior T, Genovese MII. Phenolic compounds from cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) fruit prevent body weight and fat mass gain induced by a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Food Res Int  2015; 77: 177-85.
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Sung Y-Y, Kim D-S, Kim HK. Akebia quinata extract exerts anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects in high-fat diet-fed mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Ethnopharmacol  2015; 168: 17-24.
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Jia S, Gao Z, Yan S, Chen Y, Sun C, Li X, et al. Anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects of Poncirus trifoliata L. extracts in high-fat diet C57BL/6 mice. Molecules  2016; 21: 453.
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Song H, Lai J, Tang Q, Zheng X. Mulberry ethanol extract attenuates hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutr Res  2016; 36: 710-8.
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da Costa GFF, Santos IB, de Bem GF, et al. The beneficial effect of anthocyanidin-rich Vitis vinifera L. grape skin extract on metabolic changes induced by high-fat diet in mice involves antiinflammatory and antioxidant actions. Phytother Res  2017; 31: 1621-32.
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Santos IB, de Bem GF, Cordeiro VSC, et al. Supplementation with Vitis vinifera L. skin extract improves insulin resistance and prevents hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutr Res  2017; 43: 69-81.
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Su D, Zhang R, Hou F, et al. Lychee pulp phenolics ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation by reducing miR-33 and miR-122 expression in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Funct  2017; 8: 808-15.
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Anhê FF, Varin TV, Le Barz M, et al. Arctic berry extracts target the gut-liver axis to alleviate metabolic endotoxaemia, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice. Diabetolgia  2018; 61: 919-31.
[69] 
Anhê FF, Nachbar RT, Varin T V, et al. Treatment with camu
	camu (Myrciaria dubia) prevents obesity by altering the gut
	microbiota and increasing energy expenditure in diet-induced obese
mice. Gut  2018.  gutjnl-2017-315565
[70] 
Moura MHC, Cunha MG, Alezandro MR, Genovese MI. Phenolic-rich jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg) extracts prevent high-fat-sucrose diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. Food Res Int  2018; 107: 48-60.
[71] 
Lim D, Song M, Park J, et al. Anti-obesity effect of HT048, a herbal combination, in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Molecules  2012; 17: 14765-77.

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666191010170100	Print ISSN 1381-6128
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-4286

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