Hybrid Imaging (SPECT/ CT, PET/CT, PET/MR)

Abstract

Multi-modality imaging achieves the integration of structural and functional or metabolical information in a single examination. Apart from patient convenience and improved workflow, this “one-stop shop” approach is featured by enhanced diagnostic accuracy compared to either modality alone or side-by-side image interpretation. These advantages also apply on cardiovascular and molecular-targeted imaging where hybrid systems facilitate the detection of molecular signals and their accurate localization by fusion with anatomical structures. The role of SPECT/CT, PET/CT and PET/MR in studying patients with heart failure is reviewed in this chapter. Before mentioning the potential clinical utility, various issues concerning the principles of hybrid imaging, commercially available devices, image interpretation, possible technical errors and diagnostic pitfalls are addressed. Due to its wider availability, lower cost and the author’s experience, the value of cardiac hybrid SPECT/CT is emphasized.

Keywords: Attenuation correction, Computed tomography, Coronary artery disease, Heart failure, Hybrid imaging, Magnetic resonance, Multi-modality imaging, Myocardial viability, Positron emission tomography, Single photon emission computed tomography.