Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Craniofacial Regeneration

Tooth Regeneration: Dentin Regeneration, Periodontal Ligament Regeneration, Dental Pulp Regeneration

Author(s): Guo Li, Na Fu, Xueqin Wei, Tao Zhang, Xiaoru Shao, Qian Huang, Ke Sun, Shiyu Lin, Sirong Shi and Yunfeng Lin

Pp: 349-379 (31)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681083155116010009

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

A tooth is a compound organ, which is composed of calcified tissues of enamel, dentin and cementum, and a soft connective tissue of dental pulp in which blood vessels and nerves are protected. Periodontal ligaments anchor teeth into the alveolar bone in the jaw to ensure the proper function of teeth. In humans, tooth loss can not only lead to physical and mental suffering, but also affect the aesthetics, which compromise an individual’s quality of life and self-esteem. With the development of tissue engineering, regenerating a whole tooth for clinical tooth replacement is now considered to be an acceptable scientific objective. This subject has a number of challenges for investigators over complicated disciplines including biology, dental medicine and biomaterial science. This chapter will summarize the current knowledge related to tooth regeneration, especially focus on dentin regeneration, periodontal ligament regeneration, and dental pulp regeneration.


Keywords: Growth factors, Regulation mechanism, Scaffolds, Stem cells, Tooth regeneration.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version330msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[17:01:35] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (136ms)time
  • Application (195ms)time
  • 1 x Application (58.93%)
    195ms
    1 x Booting (41.07%)
    136ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed110ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59768330','',1,1740675695,1740675695) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740675695
      15.37msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59768330','/chapter/9484',1,1740675695,1740675695)
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59768330 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59768330) limit 1
      33.39msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59768330
      • 1: 59768330
      • 2: 59768330
      • 3: 59768330
      • 4: 59768330
      • 5: 59768330
      • 6: 59768330
      • 7: 59768330
      • 8: 59768330
      • 9: 59768330
      • 10: 59768330
      • 11: 59768330
      • 12: 59768330
      • 13: 59768330
      • 14: 59768330
      • 15: 59768330
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '9484' limit 1
      29.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 9484
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '9484' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      6.38msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 9484
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '9484'
      10.79msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 9484
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 591 limit 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 591
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=591) and se.ebook_id!=591 and v.ebook_status='1'
      4.59msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=591) and se.ebook_id!=591 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=591)
      580μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=591) limit 10 offset 0
      630μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 2014 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 2014
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 591 and ebook_volume_id <> 2014 limit 1
      380μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 591
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '9484' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      1.2msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '2014' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      960μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2014) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2014) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2014)
      910μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 9484) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 9484) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59768330 and j.to_ip >=59768330 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740675695 and j.to_date >= 1740675695 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 9484)
      850μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2014 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740675695 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740675695 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2014
      • 3: 1740675695
      • 4: 1740675695
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='fca82179b336edd42d64bfb479022515'
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    5Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        JIkhig4ayMONWsbm55bwzaaWgolFVlx2ey10WuZA
        uc_cart_id
        fca82179b336edd42d64bfb479022515
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/9484" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/9484
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InlBRFEwaWxRZmpXM1d1SFNkU01uL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTTI3bk5jbWV1ZjgzQ2lIbnZXWGx2V3hPTFgvNFFlQjB5QWJGaGJSMDNIQT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyN2VhMmM4ZDM1MjAxZGM3ZWZhZDc0YjFjMzQ4YzFhYTNmYmU1ZDVlNTdjNDUzMmMyNTM0ZTRjY2MwZmRkODA3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InlBRFEwaWxRZmpXM1d1SFNkU01uL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTTI3bk5jbWV1ZjgzQ2lIbnZXWGx2V3hPTFgvNFFlQjB5QWJGaGJSMDNIQT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyN2VhMmM4ZDM1MjAx" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Thu, 27 Feb 2025 17:01:35 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1aQ1VJUUxCWmZrZmorVVBRRFJGMFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNVhaRFpaRko5Y1FBeTlWWFBJWTlLK3N6VGR5S3ByTU1LVFozNWp2RkgwblM5Sm1mRzdWb1E1ZjlmVU9yd0JlaU4vU3oxd1RxL0NodUpLbDFackE2dkxvcVV6eW12Nm9XcUlMcll0RzRyMndzNzc3NzIxelA4czAwSExaR1VpZkUiLCJtYWMiOiJhYTBiMWVhMTY3ODJlZmUyZjYwOTk4ZDA2NGU0YzZkNGQ0Mzc3ODA0MTA5MWEzMWFhNWExN2QzNTM1YmU4NzljIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sun, 02 Mar 2025 05:01:35 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1aQ1VJUUxCWmZrZmorVVBRRFJGMFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNVhaRFpaRko5Y1FBeTlWWFBJWTlLK3N6VGR5S3ByTU1LVFozNWp2RkgwblM5Sm1mRzdWb1E1ZjlmVU9yd0JlaU4vU3oxd" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhsZEFCSTZDMUtVQTZzYUxEd0xKRHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSWg2b0NaaWQvMHBINFg4UktlYkpzeDZzMStyNW1hRXBjS1AxeERoY1V5eUI4RzlSbE54TFZ3QzNCZkhYRjhUWWt2d3ZZajFQeDliZWtrREpNUDBVQVBJcVVmd2NVTFNVUzVFT2YrM0F4SlM2dmhLYzRDWDE2dmtaVjZZWVVIai8iLCJtYWMiOiJkMGYxMGVjNDg3NWZmYTlhYWNlY2MwZGI0ZWRjOWY4MTEwMmUyZGE5YTJlODZkYzBiYTdjNzM4MTczZDI3MTQwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhsZEFCSTZDMUtVQTZzYUxEd0xKRHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSWg2b0NaaWQvMHBINFg4UktlYkpzeDZzMStyNW1hRXBjS1AxeERoY1V5eUI4RzlSbE54TFZ3QzN" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1aQ1VJUUxCWmZrZmorVVBRRFJGMFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNVhaRFpaRko5Y1FBeTlWWFBJWTlLK3N6VGR5S3ByTU1LVFozNWp2RkgwblM5Sm1mRzdWb1E1ZjlmVU9yd0JlaU4vU3oxd1RxL0NodUpLbDFackE2dkxvcVV6eW12Nm9XcUlMcll0RzRyMndzNzc3NzIxelA4czAwSExaR1VpZkUiLCJtYWMiOiJhYTBiMWVhMTY3ODJlZmUyZjYwOTk4ZDA2NGU0YzZkNGQ0Mzc3ODA0MTA5MWEzMWFhNWExN2QzNTM1YmU4NzljIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sun, 02-Mar-2025 05:01:35 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1aQ1VJUUxCWmZrZmorVVBRRFJGMFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNVhaRFpaRko5Y1FBeTlWWFBJWTlLK3N6VGR5S3ByTU1LVFozNWp2RkgwblM5Sm1mRzdWb1E1ZjlmVU9yd0JlaU4vU3oxd" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhsZEFCSTZDMUtVQTZzYUxEd0xKRHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSWg2b0NaaWQvMHBINFg4UktlYkpzeDZzMStyNW1hRXBjS1AxeERoY1V5eUI4RzlSbE54TFZ3QzNCZkhYRjhUWWt2d3ZZajFQeDliZWtrREpNUDBVQVBJcVVmd2NVTFNVUzVFT2YrM0F4SlM2dmhLYzRDWDE2dmtaVjZZWVVIai8iLCJtYWMiOiJkMGYxMGVjNDg3NWZmYTlhYWNlY2MwZGI0ZWRjOWY4MTEwMmUyZGE5YTJlODZkYzBiYTdjNzM4MTczZDI3MTQwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjhsZEFCSTZDMUtVQTZzYUxEd0xKRHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSWg2b0NaaWQvMHBINFg4UktlYkpzeDZzMStyNW1hRXBjS1AxeERoY1V5eUI4RzlSbE54TFZ3QzN" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "JIkhig4ayMONWsbm55bwzaaWgolFVlx2ey10WuZA" "uc_cart_id" => "fca82179b336edd42d64bfb479022515" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/9484" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-27 17:01:35GET/chapter/9484112197