Advanced Topics on Three-dimensional Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Three-dimensional Ultrasound for Assessing the Position of Intrauterine and Intratubal Devices

Author(s): Mariane Nunes de Nadai and Wellington de Paula Martins

Pp: 259-267 (9)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681082097116010021

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Innovations in contraceptive methods have emerged in large numbers in recent decades. Intrauterine devices are a commonly used form of contraception worldwide. Another contraceptive method recently developed is Essure, which is a permanent sterilization intratubal device that can be introduced by hysteroscopy. When it comes to intrauterine devices, the ultrasound is the gold standard method to identify problems related to their position; additionally ultrasound can be reliably used to assess the position of intratubal devices, although the gold standard is still the hysterosalpingography. In this chapter we will report the main applications described for ultrasound when evaluating these devices and summarize the evidences comparing the diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound.


Keywords: Essure, Intrauterine devive, Intratubal device, Levonorgestrelreleasing IUD, Two-dimensional, Three-dimensional, Ultrasound.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59777354 and j.to_ip >=59777354 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847742 and j.to_date >= 1739847742 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 8921) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59777354 and j.to_ip >=59777354 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847742 and j.to_date >= 1739847742 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 8921) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59777354 and j.to_ip >=59777354 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847742 and j.to_date >= 1739847742 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 8921)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1932 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847742 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847742 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1932
      • 3: 1739847742
      • 4: 1739847742
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='a2f473ee212cfe594b56d3f2cea016b7'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    7Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        8nDn5Fntg9aa42JR57Vq9em7pQLt82FtQeLqgljv
        uc_cart_id
        a2f473ee212cfe594b56d3f2cea016b7
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/8921" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/8921
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjlBZis5UEhLR2s5YklCVFgrNERWZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieWxsK3FRckprWDdoaFlqQ01Tc0xqald4bUZNcDZpVGpXWWc2M2J3NWg5ND0iLCJtYWMiOiIwNTViMjFhNjA4ZmFjNGZkMjViNDQyODM4Njk4YTllZDIxODNmODhlZGFmYzg2ZjNhNWYwMjBhYWYzNDc5OTlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjlBZis5UEhLR2s5YklCVFgrNERWZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieWxsK3FRckprWDdoaFlqQ01Tc0xqald4bUZNcDZpVGpXWWc2M2J3NWg5ND0iLCJtYWMiOiIwNTViMjFhNjA4ZmFj" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 03:02:22 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1mZjErdzJ3a1JqVnhnZUo3RFIybEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZFR0Slpxam9uTER1QkpDZTg4WEt0QzV5NFFTdk00eEZ1NjBEKzUyaUFBNkVRQ29sOHVvaUNkQXBPQU80dWpZOC9jWElXRGpLbEJHS3dCNEJnTXdaMm55anIrajRidTBNaG1wQStibVArMU9aZ3NwclczZDZnTkg2MEVndmlWVE0iLCJtYWMiOiI3NmYwMWYxNTMwNjA5OWMzMGU5NzgwMTkyYmZlOGQ1OGQ2NmZlZDlhODI3NDVkMjkzMDI2ODIxNzM4NzZiZWEwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 15:02:22 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1mZjErdzJ3a1JqVnhnZUo3RFIybEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZFR0Slpxam9uTER1QkpDZTg4WEt0QzV5NFFTdk00eEZ1NjBEKzUyaUFBNkVRQ29sOHVvaUNkQXBPQU80dWpZOC9jWElXR" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlY4RUJ0ZnZWKzk1Qm5vbmxmWHNTUkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdkWi82eWlKTHQ0cTVqaWVIZzRYeHl0NE9NT05FMFA5RDlibTJFZUpJS1pPdzJiVUU0TjZGbjljd01lbUgwLzFsUklzMzRVOFAxUkRmNHB4WTVkbHdiUlM0NUtyTE9LekxELzlXTVB2N1pBc3lqSG8vZU0xcTViSFQ5Vm5sK24iLCJtYWMiOiI1ZmJjZDY0Njc5OGU1MjFhZDY2NzFhZTFjMTRkM2IyMTA5OWYxOTliNzNlMGRiMTMzNGVmNDQ3OWM1MGM2NzNkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlY4RUJ0ZnZWKzk1Qm5vbmxmWHNTUkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdkWi82eWlKTHQ0cTVqaWVIZzRYeHl0NE9NT05FMFA5RDlibTJFZUpJS1pPdzJiVUU0TjZGbjl" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1mZjErdzJ3a1JqVnhnZUo3RFIybEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZFR0Slpxam9uTER1QkpDZTg4WEt0QzV5NFFTdk00eEZ1NjBEKzUyaUFBNkVRQ29sOHVvaUNkQXBPQU80dWpZOC9jWElXRGpLbEJHS3dCNEJnTXdaMm55anIrajRidTBNaG1wQStibVArMU9aZ3NwclczZDZnTkg2MEVndmlWVE0iLCJtYWMiOiI3NmYwMWYxNTMwNjA5OWMzMGU5NzgwMTkyYmZlOGQ1OGQ2NmZlZDlhODI3NDVkMjkzMDI2ODIxNzM4NzZiZWEwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 15:02:22 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1mZjErdzJ3a1JqVnhnZUo3RFIybEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZFR0Slpxam9uTER1QkpDZTg4WEt0QzV5NFFTdk00eEZ1NjBEKzUyaUFBNkVRQ29sOHVvaUNkQXBPQU80dWpZOC9jWElXR" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlY4RUJ0ZnZWKzk1Qm5vbmxmWHNTUkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdkWi82eWlKTHQ0cTVqaWVIZzRYeHl0NE9NT05FMFA5RDlibTJFZUpJS1pPdzJiVUU0TjZGbjljd01lbUgwLzFsUklzMzRVOFAxUkRmNHB4WTVkbHdiUlM0NUtyTE9LekxELzlXTVB2N1pBc3lqSG8vZU0xcTViSFQ5Vm5sK24iLCJtYWMiOiI1ZmJjZDY0Njc5OGU1MjFhZDY2NzFhZTFjMTRkM2IyMTA5OWYxOTliNzNlMGRiMTMzNGVmNDQ3OWM1MGM2NzNkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlY4RUJ0ZnZWKzk1Qm5vbmxmWHNTUkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdkWi82eWlKTHQ0cTVqaWVIZzRYeHl0NE9NT05FMFA5RDlibTJFZUpJS1pPdzJiVUU0TjZGbjl" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "8nDn5Fntg9aa42JR57Vq9em7pQLt82FtQeLqgljv" "uc_cart_id" => "a2f473ee212cfe594b56d3f2cea016b7" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/8921" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 03:02:22GET/chapter/8921112199