Artificial Adaptive Systems in Medicine: New Theories and Models for New Applications in the Real World

The Topological Weighted Centroid and the Semantic of the Physical Space - Application

Author(s): Enzo Grossi, Massimo Buscema and Tom Jefferson

Pp: 79-89 (11)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805042010901010079

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

In this chapter several application examples derived from the literature and from the real world show how new elementary mathematics like: Topological Weighted Centroid (TWC); Self Topological Weighted Centroid (STWC); Proximity Scalar Field; Gradient of the Scalar Field Relative Topological Weighted Centroid (TWCi); Paths from Arithmetic Centroid to entities; Paths between entities; Scalar Field of the trajectories, may help decision makers in situations characterized by limited amount of information, and how mathematics of complex system can improve the level of accuracy obtained with classical statistics. In particular the TWC proposes itself as a powerful method to identify the source of epidemic spread. The impressive results obtained in the example of Russian influenza spreading in Sweden in 1889 and in the colera spreading in London in 1854 are consistent with the idea that the spread of infectious disease is not random but follows a progression which is based on inherent but as yet undiscovered mathematical laws based on probabilistic density function. These methods, which require further for field evaluation and validation, could provide an additional powerful tool for the investigation of the early stages of an epidemic, and constitute the basis of new simulation methods to understand the process through which a disease is spread.


Keywords: Topological Weighted Centroid; Russian influenza; outbreak source

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version177msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[23:20:41] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (96.33ms)time
  • Application (81.14ms)time
  • 1 x Booting (54.28%)
    96.33ms
    1 x Application (45.72%)
    81.14ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed23.32ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51592399','',1,1739834441,1739834441) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739834441
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51592399','/chapter/861',1,1739834441,1739834441)
      150μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51592399 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51592399) limit 1
      12.92msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 51592399
      • 1: 51592399
      • 2: 51592399
      • 3: 51592399
      • 4: 51592399
      • 5: 51592399
      • 6: 51592399
      • 7: 51592399
      • 8: 51592399
      • 9: 51592399
      • 10: 51592399
      • 11: 51592399
      • 12: 51592399
      • 13: 51592399
      • 14: 51592399
      • 15: 51592399
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '861' limit 1
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 861
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '861' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.2msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 861
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '861'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 861
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 64 limit 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 64
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=64) and se.ebook_id!=64 and v.ebook_status='1'
      2.5msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=64) and se.ebook_id!=64 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      680μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=64)
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=64) limit 10 offset 0
      400μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 852 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 852
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 64 and ebook_volume_id <> 852 limit 1
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 64
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '861' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '852' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 852) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 852) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 852)
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 861) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 861) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51592399 and j.to_ip >=51592399 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834441 and j.to_date >= 1739834441 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 861)
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 852 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834441 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834441 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 852
      • 3: 1739834441
      • 4: 1739834441
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='39185d93843a02e7e0406ebf4c0601a2'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Keywords
    1Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        FLb8L368PyMsGmHi965K8S6dEQKbbCQjhHSvx18Z
        uc_cart_id
        39185d93843a02e7e0406ebf4c0601a2
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/861" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/861
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IndDT2h4SGNIc1d4Tm9hVXk0cGF3MWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGt3dTFtMW1KSkg5Tzh3cCtWZlRQeU5mVjA1L0U0eXMwN0NPbDR3a3FHOD0iLCJtYWMiOiIzODUwYWZmNjBhMjc3NWI0NGRiYThiZDk1ZDU0NzQ2YmRkYTk5NmJkYzU1YjUxN2YxMzM4ZGI0MzU0ZGQ1OWRhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IllMdzhjL0RPQk52c0RJdTBZWTFNU0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidFlEL2tMM2xBT25QcGtOaHZhM0xFb3R5UkJzS1Fnbk5rK2IvbzJUY0lzMC9STERKQysrYjB5bU5QRzRkbm5YOXhkckhnb09RVDIzT1hOcW5zRFZDbnhHVWo3USs1NHpBVmRxZFBoQ0EyaVBEQjhyUkFVY0c5cW14MU1LTWRRcTciLCJtYWMiOiJiNzhjMzQ2YWUxZDU3NTViYmQwOGQ5ODY2MzZjMjQ2ZjM5MThhMTBhODJmNDk2ZGFiY2E3NTRjMDQxOGViYzE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilp2SUhacW0yMnQ0RlFxb2dUTkIwcEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidzFoRHV2YWhNeWFad0YzU0gxTGlGVlU3V3lpZDVEN1V1T1VKQTdBWTA1ZFhIUGFtUUY1ZzhUSjY1a1ZKc3NPcllRRzdzQmljeG5TUmNSUjh0NnNUWVl6YkcvRS9sMXZnb20vL1dlZUZlVnZRMlBEVjFldkdlODFyd1FjMUJXS0UiLCJtYWMiOiI3YzVmODE2NTliMDQwYzI3ZDk0OWMxNWJlNTMzODE1MDkzMjAyZjkyNGQ1ZTZmNDFmNGRkNjFhYzI2YWVhYjQ0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IndDT2h4SGNIc1d4Tm9hVXk0cGF3MWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGt3dTFtMW1KSkg5Tzh3cCtWZlRQeU5mVjA1L0U0eXMwN0NPbDR3a3FHOD0iLCJtYWMiOiIzODUwYWZmNjBhMjc3" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:3 [ "wayfindertarget" => null "XSRF-TOKEN" => "FLb8L368PyMsGmHi965K8S6dEQKbbCQjhHSvx18Z" "alphaeurekaselectnet_session" => "g7RqbTzDRWnoTwHYZEq8bGhG6JoXzT6y6gpwvb1C" ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:20:41 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InIwRUlYSCthMll5SDl4KzBCRnkwakE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWYvM1E4ZWFoTUZTK3BQNXNya0VaQVpObkNxcitQNGJmZ0NCM0drWFMxMEQxUmtobG8rNGUvUXlTL0QwSCtWUGFFbEdpYWxLa3FBNTNITkhNZmtZWlc2TUFUZWt1QnB3bStFZWkvM1ZEckxsT0JXZFVPQ2t6R3JFN3crQ0NFT2YiLCJtYWMiOiIyZjk3ZTE2N2FkNmY2NjlmMDhmYWU5OWY3NmE1M2E1ZjY3ZGJkODk2Y2JmY2QyM2NiZGE0NmJjMDFkMzNjYTI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:20:41 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InIwRUlYSCthMll5SDl4KzBCRnkwakE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWYvM1E4ZWFoTUZTK3BQNXNya0VaQVpObkNxcitQNGJmZ0NCM0drWFMxMEQxUmtobG8rNGUvUXlTL0QwSCtWUGFFbEdpY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlZkdHhXRzZNaVNOUzlPM3UxMmlneVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWYxcElzS1RNcEwyZFY5NEZZSUw0R011ZmRuRExMcUxZMkU0RjdjWWFibXhqa0RPdWN5UWsxdGtaU3l3RjZLV3lOb1h1SzJmWjEzTGhJUVc4a1pQei82NEpLUFVCN3A2NmRHV0xhdTJ3VGJZOHh4RlcyejlYaFVXVXM2L04vVlkiLCJtYWMiOiJlOWYzMTVlNmY1YmQ0MzJkYzI5YmJhZDZlZmUyZGExOTFlYzQwNjQxYzJmYTEyYTQ1ZGY0MTI3OTRjMzlkZjIwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlZkdHhXRzZNaVNOUzlPM3UxMmlneVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWYxcElzS1RNcEwyZFY5NEZZSUw0R011ZmRuRExMcUxZMkU0RjdjWWFibXhqa0RPdWN5UWsxdGt" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InIwRUlYSCthMll5SDl4KzBCRnkwakE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWYvM1E4ZWFoTUZTK3BQNXNya0VaQVpObkNxcitQNGJmZ0NCM0drWFMxMEQxUmtobG8rNGUvUXlTL0QwSCtWUGFFbEdpYWxLa3FBNTNITkhNZmtZWlc2TUFUZWt1QnB3bStFZWkvM1ZEckxsT0JXZFVPQ2t6R3JFN3crQ0NFT2YiLCJtYWMiOiIyZjk3ZTE2N2FkNmY2NjlmMDhmYWU5OWY3NmE1M2E1ZjY3ZGJkODk2Y2JmY2QyM2NiZGE0NmJjMDFkMzNjYTI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:20:41 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InIwRUlYSCthMll5SDl4KzBCRnkwakE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWYvM1E4ZWFoTUZTK3BQNXNya0VaQVpObkNxcitQNGJmZ0NCM0drWFMxMEQxUmtobG8rNGUvUXlTL0QwSCtWUGFFbEdpY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlZkdHhXRzZNaVNOUzlPM3UxMmlneVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWYxcElzS1RNcEwyZFY5NEZZSUw0R011ZmRuRExMcUxZMkU0RjdjWWFibXhqa0RPdWN5UWsxdGtaU3l3RjZLV3lOb1h1SzJmWjEzTGhJUVc4a1pQei82NEpLUFVCN3A2NmRHV0xhdTJ3VGJZOHh4RlcyejlYaFVXVXM2L04vVlkiLCJtYWMiOiJlOWYzMTVlNmY1YmQ0MzJkYzI5YmJhZDZlZmUyZGExOTFlYzQwNjQxYzJmYTEyYTQ1ZGY0MTI3OTRjMzlkZjIwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlZkdHhXRzZNaVNOUzlPM3UxMmlneVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWYxcElzS1RNcEwyZFY5NEZZSUw0R011ZmRuRExMcUxZMkU0RjdjWWFibXhqa0RPdWN5UWsxdGt" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "FLb8L368PyMsGmHi965K8S6dEQKbbCQjhHSvx18Z" "uc_cart_id" => "39185d93843a02e7e0406ebf4c0601a2" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/861" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:20:41GET/chapter/861112193