Biodiversity Conservation - Challenges for the Future

Therapeutic Value of Milk of Vechur Cow, the Indigenous Breed of Kerala Listed as Critical by FAO

Author(s): Mohankumar Chinnamma, Anisha Shashidharan and Salini Bhasker

Pp: 103-111 (9)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681080215115010012

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Bos indicus, (Vechur breed), being an indigenous cow of Kerala needs greater attention for its survival since the breed is facing extinction. Due to the lack of appropriate scientific studies for highlighting the therapeutic potential of the milk of Vechur cow and its unique medicinal properties, this critical breed has not gained sufficient and required acceptance among farmers and it became a negative factor for the conservation of this domestic animal. Most of the traditional concepts associated with Vechur cow like disease resistance, medicinal property of milk have remained as mere field observations since the authenticity of these features has not yet been proven successfully with solid evidence. Hence the existence of Vechur cow in the livestock industry is still a questionable matter. The data of the present study on the structural and functional features of the lactoferrin gene of the Vechur cow demonstrates SNPs, amino acid substitutions, binding pockets and the secondary and tertiary structure of the gene compared to Bos taurus. Along with the genomic features, the gene was successfully expressed for the production of recombinant Bovine lactoferrin protein (rBLf) in eukaryotic system using a Pore2 vector and CAMV35S promoter. The bactericidal property exhibited by rBLf protein in suppressing the growth of both gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains viz. E.coli, Streptococcus sps, and Staphylococcus aureus has highlighted the relevance of lactoferrin protein of Vechur cow milk in drug industry.


Keywords: Amino acid, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, bactericidal property, Bos indicus, Bos Taurus, Bovine Lactoferrin, disease resistance, E. coli, glycoprotein, medicinal properties, milk, nucleotide polymorphism, nutrition, potential immunostimulant, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, therapeutic value, Vechur cow.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316595280 and j.to_ip >=316595280 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458568 and j.to_date >= 1740458568 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7328) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316595280 and j.to_ip >=316595280 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458568 and j.to_date >= 1740458568 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7328) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316595280 and j.to_ip >=316595280 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458568 and j.to_date >= 1740458568 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7328)
      670μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1703 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740458568 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740458568 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1703
      • 3: 1740458568
      • 4: 1740458568
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='511e13c1b6d9c9cae6873c2a1474ca49'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    20Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        VQ2p3rXpv8WtP5mZxz0Tzd5oRfmT9SqQd26YATBg
        uc_cart_id
        511e13c1b6d9c9cae6873c2a1474ca49
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/7328" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/7328
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlI3UWwzVmN1UHV2SVZKNTZDc3Y3Ync9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNTBoUENqYSt2MUxqUlpSNURMMTlQUHpJa3ZKQzZjbXRpbzljODZkMlp2UT0iLCJtYWMiOiI1ZDRlZmRlNmRiYzNiZDYwYWJhZWYyYzkyN2U4N2UxNGMxYTEwNjBkNmFiNTNkYjA4ZDg3MDAwMmY4ODhjYjYzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlI3UWwzVmN1UHV2SVZKNTZDc3Y3Ync9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNTBoUENqYSt2MUxqUlpSNURMMTlQUHpJa3ZKQzZjbXRpbzljODZkMlp2UT0iLCJtYWMiOiI1ZDRlZmRlNmRiYzNi" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 04:42:48 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvNkw0b05ReFkvT242TFdhNWd0bmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQlNVZjFialEvb3grNUErNHRXNm52eWJUdTVVQU9ocnRka2E4K296a1F3dHBCMmM2Q2E4NWswZDg5N3M4RFh5SDl3RkJocGI4U1RQeHpnZmJkV0dqRzkwdUwzL1pBR0ZPRzJOKzBYQzBMZ0p4Vzd3TzdoT0lRRFpRYUdPb09mbHMiLCJtYWMiOiJmYjc4NjI4MmUwMGNkZGQ3NTJkYmIyMDE4YTZkYWJiNThiYTJkMDFiMDU3OGM1YmM1MDhhMzIyOGNjZjYxNzYyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27 Feb 2025 16:42:48 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvNkw0b05ReFkvT242TFdhNWd0bmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQlNVZjFialEvb3grNUErNHRXNm52eWJUdTVVQU9ocnRka2E4K296a1F3dHBCMmM2Q2E4NWswZDg5N3M4RFh5SDl3RkJoc" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IldHaXM2S2ZrRndEWVRaMEJ0eEtHOFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiczAyN2lYeE5qeUMyTEhtc3gwUVViaDRteExRdWRUakhjQ3dPbWs4MFI4RnRVTlVjem1qQnNhSGVlM2xxMGRhU0R5ZTBYZW5oTTErN2JuVTV4Mm8rY1YrczhRL3RRYTZBa1NKbmtEWS9sWlZGQzVQK2E1LzJJNGtZWWRrRzZnU2QiLCJtYWMiOiIzNTVmMDJjMjZmNWY3YjY3ZGU1NDEyYTk0MTlmNzQ5NzBiZGQxNjYyZjFkMWM0ZDQwNzVmODc2NjE2YTBlNTY3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IldHaXM2S2ZrRndEWVRaMEJ0eEtHOFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiczAyN2lYeE5qeUMyTEhtc3gwUVViaDRteExRdWRUakhjQ3dPbWs4MFI4RnRVTlVjem1qQnNhSGV" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvNkw0b05ReFkvT242TFdhNWd0bmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQlNVZjFialEvb3grNUErNHRXNm52eWJUdTVVQU9ocnRka2E4K296a1F3dHBCMmM2Q2E4NWswZDg5N3M4RFh5SDl3RkJocGI4U1RQeHpnZmJkV0dqRzkwdUwzL1pBR0ZPRzJOKzBYQzBMZ0p4Vzd3TzdoT0lRRFpRYUdPb09mbHMiLCJtYWMiOiJmYjc4NjI4MmUwMGNkZGQ3NTJkYmIyMDE4YTZkYWJiNThiYTJkMDFiMDU3OGM1YmM1MDhhMzIyOGNjZjYxNzYyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27-Feb-2025 16:42:48 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvNkw0b05ReFkvT242TFdhNWd0bmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQlNVZjFialEvb3grNUErNHRXNm52eWJUdTVVQU9ocnRka2E4K296a1F3dHBCMmM2Q2E4NWswZDg5N3M4RFh5SDl3RkJoc" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IldHaXM2S2ZrRndEWVRaMEJ0eEtHOFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiczAyN2lYeE5qeUMyTEhtc3gwUVViaDRteExRdWRUakhjQ3dPbWs4MFI4RnRVTlVjem1qQnNhSGVlM2xxMGRhU0R5ZTBYZW5oTTErN2JuVTV4Mm8rY1YrczhRL3RRYTZBa1NKbmtEWS9sWlZGQzVQK2E1LzJJNGtZWWRrRzZnU2QiLCJtYWMiOiIzNTVmMDJjMjZmNWY3YjY3ZGU1NDEyYTk0MTlmNzQ5NzBiZGQxNjYyZjFkMWM0ZDQwNzVmODc2NjE2YTBlNTY3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IldHaXM2S2ZrRndEWVRaMEJ0eEtHOFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiczAyN2lYeE5qeUMyTEhtc3gwUVViaDRteExRdWRUakhjQ3dPbWs4MFI4RnRVTlVjem1qQnNhSGV" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "VQ2p3rXpv8WtP5mZxz0Tzd5oRfmT9SqQd26YATBg" "uc_cart_id" => "511e13c1b6d9c9cae6873c2a1474ca49" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/7328" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 04:42:48GET/chapter/73281121922