Agricultural and Food Biotechnologies of Olea europaea and Stone Fruits

Omics Approaches for the Characterization and Valorisation of Olive Varieties

Author(s): Adriana Chiappetta, Leonardo Bruno and Innocenzo Muzzalupo

Pp: 75-108 (34)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608059935115010005

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most ancient cultivated fruit trees. Olive trees are considered to be one of the most widely grown fruit crops in the countries of the Mediterranean basin. Olive products, such as olive oil, table olives and olive pastes are staple foods of the Mediterranean diet due to their benefits for human health, as well as other applications such as in cosmetics.

More than 2600 olive plant cultivars have been described using morphological analysis, although many of them might be synonyms, homonyms, ecotypes or the result of crosses between neighbouring olive cultivars. The high number of olive cultivars causes a considerable problem in germplasm collection management and both the traceability and authenticity of olive oils produced, once there is an uncertainty about its correct olive cultivar denomination. Until recent years, cultivar identification was only based on morphological and agronomic traits. However, recognition of olive cultivars based on phenotypic characters was revealed to be problematic, especially in the early stages of tree development. In recent years molecular markers have been applied in olive germplasm to identify cultivars and to determine the relationships between cultivars.

The increasing openness of genetic markers in olive trees allows detailed studies and evaluations of genetic diversity. This will provide a view of what has been attained and what still needs to be done in order to better understand this crop that has lived for centuries and still remains to be fully discovered and understood.

Although current breeding strategies can now benefit from the availability of new polymorphic genetic markers, the characterization of olive germplasm is still far from complete.

A wider gene characterization of loci related to the quality of plant products and adaptive mechanisms could provide new information and tools to support Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) strategies and new biotechnological approaches to develop suitable growing techniques and increase productivity and product quality of this species which is unique in its kind.


Keywords: Abiotic stress, DNA sequencing, ex situ collections, expression sequence tags, gene identification, genomic approaches, marker assisted selection, molecular markers, next generation sequencing approaches, olive breeding, olive germplasm, plant breeding.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51872515 and j.to_ip >=51872515 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847543 and j.to_date >= 1739847543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7080) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51872515 and j.to_ip >=51872515 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847543 and j.to_date >= 1739847543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7080) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51872515 and j.to_ip >=51872515 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847543 and j.to_date >= 1739847543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 7080)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1683 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847543 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847543 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.33msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1683
      • 3: 1739847543
      • 4: 1739847543
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='79a4c3f2012bb912966704c3b269ee2d'
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    12Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        2CzFw6aP6IZHa7Z2eGioZDCLNlXRgTMSJuyCLKx2
        uc_cart_id
        79a4c3f2012bb912966704c3b269ee2d
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/7080" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/7080
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Im10b2pycksvVDhPVGVrWVMyeDVEOWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ0ZrV2NKWnMxdEd1cTFydmY5eWlPUHFxcWhUK0ZlVUwvN0FjT2EzeWp6QT0iLCJtYWMiOiI1MzBhZTE4MjZkMTU0MWZlNDE4MGE0MWNjZjNmZjQwY2FiMGI2MGE0NTdjZmE4NDg4ZmQyMDYyYjBkYzk0ODRlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Im10b2pycksvVDhPVGVrWVMyeDVEOWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ0ZrV2NKWnMxdEd1cTFydmY5eWlPUHFxcWhUK0ZlVUwvN0FjT2EzeWp6QT0iLCJtYWMiOiI1MzBhZTE4MjZkMTU0" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 02:59:03 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjZQd0NFR3lMci9DZ1kwNjAzRUxvdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1NXQm9lM3Q4RG1jVFJpWS9XaG9ZazJYMnJudXQreWxGdmhWOEZsdXdGTEQxV2cySjlMUlM2S3ZvMURZbVcyQW9LQVVPWURRS2NwanBzY3NuUlFlbWNrQmYrMlRHeEIvanJrYXY2MHVIaDhCeXZabkRJbUp2MnByQ0FrUmdqSU4iLCJtYWMiOiIxZjBlNDMxZDJlNjI2OTYzYTI3N2UxMTc1MjQ5YWQyYTgwMjgyYmE0ZDZhNGRlY2JmMjljZWUyYTExNGVlN2Y0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 14:59:03 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjZQd0NFR3lMci9DZ1kwNjAzRUxvdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1NXQm9lM3Q4RG1jVFJpWS9XaG9ZazJYMnJudXQreWxGdmhWOEZsdXdGTEQxV2cySjlMUlM2S3ZvMURZbVcyQW9LQVVPW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImgyM1hkdzZ0QjVMWnpLdHVlRXdJREE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYkdRSGlycldTdE1TM3R3Uzloa1E4cjhHQmtxcjVsdG1zU0crSlB3UnhFbmxFRzRncGdRMXZTbzYxYXcrbjdRUXFNcDRva0IxUHdPTnJTRnFVYk5ETFY4c2VmM3RoeUtCRTlnZVpJMG9pbFZhSE41NXcyWkNoWU94Y2ZEQ3c0UUwiLCJtYWMiOiJlZGQ1N2E1MDUxNDRiM2U3NTVmZGFiZjUwYTlhNDBiYzk0YWQyOTUzOWE2MGE3NTk4MjRkNDcwZjZiMmJkNDNlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImgyM1hkdzZ0QjVMWnpLdHVlRXdJREE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYkdRSGlycldTdE1TM3R3Uzloa1E4cjhHQmtxcjVsdG1zU0crSlB3UnhFbmxFRzRncGdRMXZTbzY" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjZQd0NFR3lMci9DZ1kwNjAzRUxvdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1NXQm9lM3Q4RG1jVFJpWS9XaG9ZazJYMnJudXQreWxGdmhWOEZsdXdGTEQxV2cySjlMUlM2S3ZvMURZbVcyQW9LQVVPWURRS2NwanBzY3NuUlFlbWNrQmYrMlRHeEIvanJrYXY2MHVIaDhCeXZabkRJbUp2MnByQ0FrUmdqSU4iLCJtYWMiOiIxZjBlNDMxZDJlNjI2OTYzYTI3N2UxMTc1MjQ5YWQyYTgwMjgyYmE0ZDZhNGRlY2JmMjljZWUyYTExNGVlN2Y0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 14:59:03 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjZQd0NFR3lMci9DZ1kwNjAzRUxvdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1NXQm9lM3Q4RG1jVFJpWS9XaG9ZazJYMnJudXQreWxGdmhWOEZsdXdGTEQxV2cySjlMUlM2S3ZvMURZbVcyQW9LQVVPW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImgyM1hkdzZ0QjVMWnpLdHVlRXdJREE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYkdRSGlycldTdE1TM3R3Uzloa1E4cjhHQmtxcjVsdG1zU0crSlB3UnhFbmxFRzRncGdRMXZTbzYxYXcrbjdRUXFNcDRva0IxUHdPTnJTRnFVYk5ETFY4c2VmM3RoeUtCRTlnZVpJMG9pbFZhSE41NXcyWkNoWU94Y2ZEQ3c0UUwiLCJtYWMiOiJlZGQ1N2E1MDUxNDRiM2U3NTVmZGFiZjUwYTlhNDBiYzk0YWQyOTUzOWE2MGE3NTk4MjRkNDcwZjZiMmJkNDNlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImgyM1hkdzZ0QjVMWnpLdHVlRXdJREE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYkdRSGlycldTdE1TM3R3Uzloa1E4cjhHQmtxcjVsdG1zU0crSlB3UnhFbmxFRzRncGdRMXZTbzY" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "2CzFw6aP6IZHa7Z2eGioZDCLNlXRgTMSJuyCLKx2" "uc_cart_id" => "79a4c3f2012bb912966704c3b269ee2d" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/7080" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 02:59:03GET/chapter/70801121914