Frontiers in Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery

Volume: 3

Understanding Tumor Metabolism and its Potential as a Target for the Treatment of Cancer

Author(s): Ana Carolina Santos de Souza, Alexandre Donizeti Martins Cavagis, Carmen Veríssima Ferreira and Giselle Zenker Justo

Pp: 151-190 (40)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608058846114030006

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The role played by oncogenes and tumor suppressors in the genesis of cancer is well established. Considering that cancer cells are a product of genetic disorders that alter crucial intracellular signaling pathways associated with the regulation of survival, proliferation, differentiation and death mechanisms it is not surprising that traditional antitumor approaches target specific molecular players whose action/expression is altered in cancer cells. However, because the physiology of normal cells is controlled by the same signaling pathways that are disturbed in cancer cells many cancer therapies also cause important side effects and multidrug resistance, the main causes of therapy failure. Since the pioneering work of Otto Warburg, over 80 years ago, the subversion of normal cellular metabolism by cancer cells has been highlighted by many studies. In recent years, the study of tumor metabolism has received considerable attention because metabolic transformation is now recognized as a crucial cancer hallmark and a direct consequence of disturbances in oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Far from being a completely understood phenomenon, metabolic transformation constitutes a challenge for researchers and a potential target for cancer therapies. In this chapter, we describe the anabolic and catabolic pathways of cancer cell metabolism, compare their functions and regulation with those of non-tumor cell metabolism and discuss some of the major questions in this field of investigation. We also discuss tumor metabolism and metabolic transformations from the perspective of oncogenes, tumor suppressors, miRNAs and protein signaling pathways. Finally, recent attempts to target metabolism as a treatment for cancer are discussed.


Keywords: Metabolic therapy, metabolic transformation, oncogenes, tumor metabolism, tumor suppressors, Warburg effect.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314333023 and j.to_ip >=314333023 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515789 and j.to_date >= 1740515789 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6348) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314333023 and j.to_ip >=314333023 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515789 and j.to_date >= 1740515789 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6348) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314333023 and j.to_ip >=314333023 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515789 and j.to_date >= 1740515789 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 6348)
      590μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1495 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740515789 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740515789 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1495
      • 3: 1740515789
      • 4: 1740515789
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='82e86e9c1607b1fd9350ba5f6c8873a1'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    6Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        O3Icch1SNPxT12uWDDHjJi21YCQRyKGEibJcJs27
        uc_cart_id
        82e86e9c1607b1fd9350ba5f6c8873a1
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/6348" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/6348
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
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        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:36:29GET/chapter/6348112198