Rare Animals of India

Population, Behavioural Ecology and Conservation of Hoolock Gibbon in Northeast India

Author(s): Awadhesh Kumar, Ashalata Devi, Atul Kumar Gupta and Kuladip Sarma

Pp: 242-266 (25)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608054855113010014

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The Hoolock Gibbon is the only ape found in India and its distribution in Southeast Asia, spans India, Myanmar, Bangladesh and southern China, between 20° N and 28° N, and 99° E to 98° E. Gibbons typically consist of an adult pair with 0-4 immature offspring with average group size ranging from 2.7 to 4. They are exclusively arboreal and spend 15–25% of their time moving for foraging, feeding, sun basking and resting. They occupy a home range of about 14 to 55 hectares covering a day range of about 600-1200 m (300-1600 m). They are frugivorous in nature and their diet consist of 51-65% fruits followed by 5-23% leaves, 13% buds, 12% flowers, 0.1% animal prey. They are highly social animal and their reproductive strategies are less documented. The duration of the menstrual cycle is 27.83 days ranging from 20 to 33 days for six cycles and of which the gestation period is about 210 days (but may vary from 195– 210 days). Usually a single birth occurs during winter (November-February). The population of gibbons in the wild has declined by more than 90% over the past three decades due to various anthropogenic threats, possibly because of burgeoning human population. Although some socio-cultural values are associated with these attractive and agile forest gymnasts, hoolock gibbons are seriously threatened due to anthropogenic activities like agricultural cultivation, tea plantation, hunting and poaching etc. Therefore there is an urgent need to launch ‘Project Primate’ akin to ‘Project Tiger’ and ‘Project Elephant’ for future survival of the species.


Keywords: Western hoolock gibbon, Eastern hoolock gibbon, population status, distribution, habitat, behavioural ecology, feeding behaviour, food plant, dietary diversity, activity pattern, home range, reproductive behaviour, social behaviours, sun basking, vocalization, grooming, anthropogenic threat, conservation, protected area, importance of gibbon.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version175msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[02:52:35] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (97.74ms)time
  • Application (77.47ms)time
  • 1 x Booting (55.78%)
    97.74ms
    1 x Application (44.21%)
    77.47ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed24.12ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59650778','',1,1739847155,1739847155) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739847155
      940μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59650778','/chapter/5063',1,1739847155,1739847155)
      140μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59650778 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59650778) limit 1
      12.94msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59650778
      • 1: 59650778
      • 2: 59650778
      • 3: 59650778
      • 4: 59650778
      • 5: 59650778
      • 6: 59650778
      • 7: 59650778
      • 8: 59650778
      • 9: 59650778
      • 10: 59650778
      • 11: 59650778
      • 12: 59650778
      • 13: 59650778
      • 14: 59650778
      • 15: 59650778
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '5063' limit 1
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 5063
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '5063' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.15msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 5063
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '5063'
      820μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 5063
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 321 limit 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 321
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=321) and se.ebook_id!=321 and v.ebook_status='1'
      1.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=321) and se.ebook_id!=321 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=321)
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=321) limit 10 offset 0
      400μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 1245 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 1245
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 321 and ebook_volume_id <> 1245 limit 1
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 321
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '5063' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '1245' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 1245) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 1245) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 1245)
      850μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5063) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5063) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59650778 and j.to_ip >=59650778 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847155 and j.to_date >= 1739847155 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5063)
      840μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1245 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847155 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847155 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.4msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1245
      • 3: 1739847155
      • 4: 1739847155
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='e10cedf2feb2397fb4a7935ec8eefe04'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    20Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        UfLtM9CShpUQ53P6Q1nG1ZFJ1Z9nVBohk5oDCBgZ
        uc_cart_id
        e10cedf2feb2397fb4a7935ec8eefe04
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/5063" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/5063
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "_ga_9F3B5VV3T3=GS1.1.1739847147.1.0.1739847147.60.0.0; _ga=GA1.1.903570747.1739847147; fpestid=6ncbR5Bp3E2I40OX3FKD6GQ6kty5ty2gmTmHmwSzrpI0q9KxYbuZkqtGCLgnmMoqwPJzFw; wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlpYYzE2emozMkczMGpWTysrM0FzRlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYkVFNXdYUkFDeTdMWXhtOHRveThrenZYZkRBR2tabHFDa20yTkFVZEhSeXRPQmY1ZktPbHlWUHllY0wzSEt3QyIsIm1hYyI6IjU4ZTY3N2IwMzFlMmUwNzU4YzFjZjY1MmY2MjlkZmRjNDcxZjdkYzFmMGQ1YzMxYzc5NWUyZDM2YTFiZmM5NDMiLCJ0YWciOiIifQ%3D%3D; XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InRaNGNrZ0NsczEwT3ZhcjNTTWk1UXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiR0F6Mmt3V0lwcmRpV3ZxUTVKSFByMmZoTEVhcG4vOXBsaXJ4YXlIMUxFczk2SmVNOUhhMThPYlVXbi82MmRxL2UzTVhEcVdtdW1wQnpBMzRjSDFZUmxGVFBJRGFodW1CRUM0VWh2akpDcUFuTno3S2h5YzlLQjg3S0Y0STFWWDEiLCJtYWMiOiIyZGNkMmY3MjlhZjExMjc0MmZlODJmN2RmNzIwM2VkNDlmYzhmMTI4M2QwZTQ5OGRjN2Q0MTcxY2FiMGU2MDczIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlI5YktjVFZZZWRNWnhsWnJDMmFWK1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNm9nL2lqd3ovTmVMUXNMQ1ZaWjkvN1lzZ0FReTI1ay9kcGY2QnR5aGdMR1l5RXFJQWoza2hXTXJHV1F4T3k5eE50RlU3bDZjZVFKUWQyS3VlOXYvVjY2SVp6YnEwSDErQnMwemcybmZ4MDZ1YUtOcWRGZ0JML3Y1dlZrZmtpczQiLCJtYWMiOiI5ZWNhNmYxY2ExZjk0MmNhNmQ5MjhiOWU5MjdjMjg1ZmQ3NGI2NDFiZjQyYWE2Y2U3ODg1M2RmNzcyZmQ1NzNiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D_ga_9F3B5VV3T3=GS1.1.1739847147.1.0.1739847147.60.0.0; _ga=GA1.1.903570747.1739847147; fpestid=6ncbR5Bp3E2I40OX3FKD6GQ6kty5ty2gmTmHmwSzrpI0q9KxYbuZkqtGCLgnmMoqw" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:6 [ "_ga_9F3B5VV3T3" => null "_ga" => null "fpestid" => null "wayfindertarget" => null "XSRF-TOKEN" => "UfLtM9CShpUQ53P6Q1nG1ZFJ1Z9nVBohk5oDCBgZ" "alphaeurekaselectnet_session" => "KJGQoZURIW84DAynFwclONBWatEg3ZYP1JnjIXBP" ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 02:52:35 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIrbW4rRlREOTNHZGNBVnlzK3AyY3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia09GSnB0aDhlZ013M0xVY1pwNkk3S1RneEtEVTV5ZlpPNWYrV0FJSDFqOUs1Nzc3SEdVNU1UaFEwWDlmcTk0MVRRMXhHaDhpeGtnMjBFS2JvVEl5bVNoUytia0RXK0lvVmJlSHUrT1RPL0NBSHEwRGh2azFhbmF6cnJOVVErQVEiLCJtYWMiOiJmZjRmZDQyZTg5ZjFmMDY2NTY1NzkwNWUyNmNhMjA1ZjcyMWNhODliNDQ5NjU4NWE4M2U2NjFiN2M3MDQ4ZmM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 14:52:35 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIrbW4rRlREOTNHZGNBVnlzK3AyY3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia09GSnB0aDhlZ013M0xVY1pwNkk3S1RneEtEVTV5ZlpPNWYrV0FJSDFqOUs1Nzc3SEdVNU1UaFEwWDlmcTk0MVRRMXhHa" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhpZG04M0pVZ29wNTd0NDByYW5CNXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSnpLWklSd05PcGdqME1BY1BmeXZJdnVQYmJRU1d4SE9vMk5ycjRKVU8xRnl3ZStydDBYQmc4ZWk2Z1dWRi82L1ptVnFnTmdVT1JkU3N1ZGViNHBQWEVsTm5veHY0T0pLdE92OGVKbktZZE4wVGNjeUphQkppWS8xQko4MlhhbjYiLCJtYWMiOiJiOWNkNzEzNDc5Y2VmZmM2ZDVlZjFlNmJiZTI5NGEzNGZkZjM1OGQ2NTYxYmIxNTgwMmJhYjhhY2YzNDAwMGM5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhpZG04M0pVZ29wNTd0NDByYW5CNXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSnpLWklSd05PcGdqME1BY1BmeXZJdnVQYmJRU1d4SE9vMk5ycjRKVU8xRnl3ZStydDBYQmc4ZWk" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIrbW4rRlREOTNHZGNBVnlzK3AyY3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia09GSnB0aDhlZ013M0xVY1pwNkk3S1RneEtEVTV5ZlpPNWYrV0FJSDFqOUs1Nzc3SEdVNU1UaFEwWDlmcTk0MVRRMXhHaDhpeGtnMjBFS2JvVEl5bVNoUytia0RXK0lvVmJlSHUrT1RPL0NBSHEwRGh2azFhbmF6cnJOVVErQVEiLCJtYWMiOiJmZjRmZDQyZTg5ZjFmMDY2NTY1NzkwNWUyNmNhMjA1ZjcyMWNhODliNDQ5NjU4NWE4M2U2NjFiN2M3MDQ4ZmM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 14:52:35 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIrbW4rRlREOTNHZGNBVnlzK3AyY3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoia09GSnB0aDhlZ013M0xVY1pwNkk3S1RneEtEVTV5ZlpPNWYrV0FJSDFqOUs1Nzc3SEdVNU1UaFEwWDlmcTk0MVRRMXhHa" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhpZG04M0pVZ29wNTd0NDByYW5CNXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSnpLWklSd05PcGdqME1BY1BmeXZJdnVQYmJRU1d4SE9vMk5ycjRKVU8xRnl3ZStydDBYQmc4ZWk2Z1dWRi82L1ptVnFnTmdVT1JkU3N1ZGViNHBQWEVsTm5veHY0T0pLdE92OGVKbktZZE4wVGNjeUphQkppWS8xQko4MlhhbjYiLCJtYWMiOiJiOWNkNzEzNDc5Y2VmZmM2ZDVlZjFlNmJiZTI5NGEzNGZkZjM1OGQ2NTYxYmIxNTgwMmJhYjhhY2YzNDAwMGM5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InhpZG04M0pVZ29wNTd0NDByYW5CNXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSnpLWklSd05PcGdqME1BY1BmeXZJdnVQYmJRU1d4SE9vMk5ycjRKVU8xRnl3ZStydDBYQmc4ZWk" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "UfLtM9CShpUQ53P6Q1nG1ZFJ1Z9nVBohk5oDCBgZ" "uc_cart_id" => "e10cedf2feb2397fb4a7935ec8eefe04" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/5063" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 02:52:35GET/chapter/50631121922