Application of Bismuth(III) Reagents and Catalysts to the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds of Pharmaceutical Interest

Author(s): Jorge A. R. Salvador, Rui M. A. Pinto and Samuel M. Silvestre

Pp: 64-181 (118)

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Over the last years, bismuth(III) salts have emerged as useful reagents in organic synthesis. Systems comprising of bismuth(III) salts are generally catalytic and involve a relatively non-toxic metal. These features are of great interest in the area of green and pharmaceutical chemistry. The construction and/or functionalization of heterocyclic compounds is of major interest, since a large number of natural compounds and known drugs are heterocycles. This Chapter will focus on the applications of bismuth(III) reagents and catalysts in heterocyclic chemistry, as applied to the synthesis of compounds of pharmaceutical interest. In addition to the inclusion of five- and sixmembered heterocycles, five- and six-membered heterocycles fused to one benzene ring, as well as other heterocyclic compounds, the application of bismuth(III) salts to chemistry of carbohydrates, nucleosides and β-lactams will also be considered.

Keywords: Bismuth(III) salts, heterocycles, pharmaceutical interest, green chemistry, bismuth trichloride, bismuth triflate, bismuth nitrate, furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, pyridines, pyrimidines, indoles, benzopyrans, quinolines, isoquinolines, carbohydrates, nucleosides, β-lactams.