Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry

Volume: 6

Antimicrobial Peptides in Oral Cancer: Review Article

Author(s): Christina Roebke, Jürgen Harder and Jens E. Meyer

Pp: 131-153 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608054640113060008

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are differentially regulated in cancers such as Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC). Data showing that AMPs influence the growth of tumor cells, exhibit direct cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells, function as a tumor suppressor gene or activate the adaptive immunity suggest that a dysregulation of AMPs may be associated with the development of cancer. There is no question that, with increasing resistance against conventional chemotherapy, novel anticancer agents are needed. It is interesting to speculate that natural AMP or synthetic derivatives can be used to develop novel strategies to fight cancer diseases and may represent a novel family of anticancer agents. However, future research is needed to employ the role of AMPs in cancer and to investigate their role as potential anticancer drugs.


Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide, defensin, cathelicidin, histatin, adrenomedullin, oral cancer, immunotherapy, anticancer effect.

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      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
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      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51368230 and j.to_ip >=51368230 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834802 and j.to_date >= 1739834802 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4714) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51368230 and j.to_ip >=51368230 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834802 and j.to_date >= 1739834802 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4714) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51368230 and j.to_ip >=51368230 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834802 and j.to_date >= 1739834802 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4714)
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1146 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834802 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834802 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.04msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1146
      • 3: 1739834802
      • 4: 1739834802
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='e63f442cf7779aae0c4e4ddde7cd4e6a'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    8Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        W2UIkD7LdI9ooCLvpqMbREgo8qg73byqgpxb3oLY
        uc_cart_id
        e63f442cf7779aae0c4e4ddde7cd4e6a
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4714" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/4714
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:26:42 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InZhMkxDMU16QzBESmw0YitONzFYTVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNnROT2YxZjY0WXkxdVFLekY0eXpTVUd4NU5RazJxU004eitvd2JZdWcreXRkY1VxcUg2WGdNeGNpQ2NZUjN1NjdUS1d1eG1FeElzSDRnN2xpZXJDVGpNUEJ6eTNNQ2MwM3gvc2VNOFB4QlNFQ0FBRFZ3THBqM1NxOHhMcHZmbzMiLCJtYWMiOiI3NTkxMTAyYjA3ZjlmMTA3OGRmMmM5NTczODMxMDQwNGE2NWI4NmNkZTJkNGZmNGE4YWFlZGRiMGU4MTZjMGVjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:26:42 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InZhMkxDMU16QzBESmw0YitONzFYTVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNnROT2YxZjY0WXkxdVFLekY0eXpTVUd4NU5RazJxU004eitvd2JZdWcreXRkY1VxcUg2WGdNeGNpQ2NZUjN1NjdUS1d1e" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Imx5cGdJSUoyblRsd0ZSbHIzOGUzYXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQUZsRGczam9RSUxyNlBxQmttMmwvSnVPQnoyZ3g5TTZhd3NQcWZiYVZ4OEJyLzg3emRDeEdhQmFibEFiR29jTFA5aDZwdlpxZ204aXZQU1BYRE9QdzZWTVpWZkpNREhWRVhVSzJjblhxZXMzYzN2V3hISjBFaGdGSkdEVEZvMFoiLCJtYWMiOiJkNzZhOWViNDllODY1ZDY2ZTY2MzE2NzVhY2VhN2U0Mzk1YzU5NTE2MGYwMmVlODk0YzU2ODg0MTQzY2FhMDE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Imx5cGdJSUoyblRsd0ZSbHIzOGUzYXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQUZsRGczam9RSUxyNlBxQmttMmwvSnVPQnoyZ3g5TTZhd3NQcWZiYVZ4OEJyLzg3emRDeEdhQmF" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InZhMkxDMU16QzBESmw0YitONzFYTVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNnROT2YxZjY0WXkxdVFLekY0eXpTVUd4NU5RazJxU004eitvd2JZdWcreXRkY1VxcUg2WGdNeGNpQ2NZUjN1NjdUS1d1eG1FeElzSDRnN2xpZXJDVGpNUEJ6eTNNQ2MwM3gvc2VNOFB4QlNFQ0FBRFZ3THBqM1NxOHhMcHZmbzMiLCJtYWMiOiI3NTkxMTAyYjA3ZjlmMTA3OGRmMmM5NTczODMxMDQwNGE2NWI4NmNkZTJkNGZmNGE4YWFlZGRiMGU4MTZjMGVjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:26:42 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InZhMkxDMU16QzBESmw0YitONzFYTVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNnROT2YxZjY0WXkxdVFLekY0eXpTVUd4NU5RazJxU004eitvd2JZdWcreXRkY1VxcUg2WGdNeGNpQ2NZUjN1NjdUS1d1e" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Imx5cGdJSUoyblRsd0ZSbHIzOGUzYXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQUZsRGczam9RSUxyNlBxQmttMmwvSnVPQnoyZ3g5TTZhd3NQcWZiYVZ4OEJyLzg3emRDeEdhQmFibEFiR29jTFA5aDZwdlpxZ204aXZQU1BYRE9QdzZWTVpWZkpNREhWRVhVSzJjblhxZXMzYzN2V3hISjBFaGdGSkdEVEZvMFoiLCJtYWMiOiJkNzZhOWViNDllODY1ZDY2ZTY2MzE2NzVhY2VhN2U0Mzk1YzU5NTE2MGYwMmVlODk0YzU2ODg0MTQzY2FhMDE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Imx5cGdJSUoyblRsd0ZSbHIzOGUzYXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQUZsRGczam9RSUxyNlBxQmttMmwvSnVPQnoyZ3g5TTZhd3NQcWZiYVZ4OEJyLzg3emRDeEdhQmF" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "W2UIkD7LdI9ooCLvpqMbREgo8qg73byqgpxb3oLY" "uc_cart_id" => "e63f442cf7779aae0c4e4ddde7cd4e6a" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4714" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:26:42GET/chapter/47141121910