Application of Adsorbents for Water Pollution Control

Victorian Lignite as an Alternative Industrial Adsorbent - Kinetic Studies

Author(s): Ying Qi, Gil Garnier and Andrew F.A. Hoadley

Pp: 485-501 (17)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805269111201010485

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Victorian lignite, a cheap natural energy resource from southeast Australia, has previously shown very high adsorption capacity for cationic methylene blue dye in aqueous solutions without the need of any pretreatment. The kinetics of the adsorption process was examined using both pseudo first order and pseudo second order models. By combining the results of linear and non-linear regression, it was concluded that the pseudo second order model predicted the chemisorption process of methylene blue the best, while a general first order model by Annadurai and Krishnan fitted the experimental data well, except for the initial stage. Further analysis of the adsorption mechanisms suggested that the external film diffusion was the rate-controlling step only at the initial stage of the adsorption. As the initial dye concentration increased, the length of this stage was reduced. After 6 to 40 minutes, depending on the initial dye concentration, mass transfer by intraparticle diffusion became the limiting mechanism before reaching equilibrium.


Keywords: Lignite, methylene blue dye, Adsorption, Adsorption capacity, Adsorption kinetics, Chemisorption, Linear/Non-linear regression analysis, Adsorption mechanism, External diffusion model, Intraparticle diffusion model, pseudo first order, pseudo second order, Annadurai and Krishnan first order.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1128 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739959819 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739959819 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.55msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1128
      • 3: 1739959819
      • 4: 1739959819
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='9fae50620767e176a0bc2a0267d4af80'
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    13Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        orOR9wqaYVw3JgfzKxtbb70FTbof4zgvEQIZegX7
        uc_cart_id
        9fae50620767e176a0bc2a0267d4af80
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4631" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/4631
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "orOR9wqaYVw3JgfzKxtbb70FTbof4zgvEQIZegX7" "uc_cart_id" => "9fae50620767e176a0bc2a0267d4af80" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4631" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 10:10:20GET/chapter/46311121815