Infrared Thermography Recent Advances and Future Trends

The Use of Infrared Thermography in Livestock Production and Veterinary Field

Author(s): Petr Kunc and Ivana Knizkova

Pp: 85-101 (17)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805143411201010085

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

This chapter presents the application and use of infrared thermography (IRT) in farm animals and veterinary medicine. Changes in vascular circulation in living organisms result in an increase or decrease in tissue temperature, which is then used to evaluate the situation in the given area. IRT is mainly used in veterinary medicine, primarily for diagnostic purposes, particularly in the diagnosis of orthopaedic diseases in horses. IRT can, however, be used extremely successfully for study and research in farm animals such as pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry. Areas of research include reproduction, thermoregulation, animal welfare and the milking process. Although IRT is applied less frequently in the study of the milking process, recent results show the potential of this measuring method. Generally, IRT is a suitable tool for early detection and screening for mastitis, and can also be useful for studying and evaluating the effects of various milking techniques on the teats and udders. IRT is recommended as a method that can produce important information where the possibilities of conventional diagnostic techniques have been exhausted. There are, however, certain limitations and factors that must be considered when using IRT in animals.


Keywords: Infrared thermography, animal practice, research, diagnosis, horse, cattle, pig, sheep, poultry, rabbit, milking process, mastitis.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51435153 and j.to_ip >=51435153 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739988510 and j.to_date >= 1739988510 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4148) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51435153 and j.to_ip >=51435153 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739988510 and j.to_date >= 1739988510 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4148) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51435153 and j.to_ip >=51435153 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739988510 and j.to_date >= 1739988510 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 4148)
      920μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1091 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739988510 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739988510 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.63msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1091
      • 3: 1739988510
      • 4: 1739988510
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cc65dd5ddece115cc9f89f019251040e'
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    12Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        N1EVlyC4QTvzAABcyxB1AMOxEk4ECbOaQDIEeDTY
        uc_cart_id
        cc65dd5ddece115cc9f89f019251040e
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4148" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/4148
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 19 Feb 2025 18:08:30 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InNtZlRHL212MUo0U1dEZEpITXNVZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMHRVQzJBVGQwUllrQktwV2w0SGswS1NxbzRBQmovQnpFdXUrZDdNSndUZWtPdjk4VmNnL2E5REQ3U1c1dnNRVGdvVXpBTVNQV2hPOUtvWHBFZXNwM0RmbG9DQ1RmYXBkbGp5L3VBcHlyNm84eXQ1WVphR1UxSzdqcTNlL0dFa00iLCJtYWMiOiI5NWZlZTVmMDY3N2E3OGI1ZGU4OTNiNjY1ZDM5NjAzNDg2ZWRiMzljYjJmNGQ3YjY4M2QwNDc5OWY0ODNkNjZiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22 Feb 2025 06:08:30 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InNtZlRHL212MUo0U1dEZEpITXNVZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMHRVQzJBVGQwUllrQktwV2w0SGswS1NxbzRBQmovQnpFdXUrZDdNSndUZWtPdjk4VmNnL2E5REQ3U1c1dnNRVGdvVXpBT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlJobjBLQyt1OUthWjBkOGIyTkR2UGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnEwMEowakRrbWZJNGg5MWh4Z0x2M1MwM0JDcmY4MktPeUY5cHhiejU3d0RaZHl0Z3lxRDQ5RnBKbytoRURLWlZocEhGYi9jNWlmMUhZb3cwZ1A0aEQ5MEY0eEU4U0dxaFVPTVNKaFFkTk1ncVYwdSs3cVNDMFdYdC9WUFBWTlEiLCJtYWMiOiJiZTc4NWEyZmE2ZWQ3NzE4MDA4ODdjODJkN2YyY2FhN2EwYTllZDRkOGVjY2NjMjUzZTJkNmQwMzRlYjdlOTU5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlJobjBLQyt1OUthWjBkOGIyTkR2UGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnEwMEowakRrbWZJNGg5MWh4Z0x2M1MwM0JDcmY4MktPeUY5cHhiejU3d0RaZHl0Z3lxRDQ5RnB" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InNtZlRHL212MUo0U1dEZEpITXNVZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMHRVQzJBVGQwUllrQktwV2w0SGswS1NxbzRBQmovQnpFdXUrZDdNSndUZWtPdjk4VmNnL2E5REQ3U1c1dnNRVGdvVXpBTVNQV2hPOUtvWHBFZXNwM0RmbG9DQ1RmYXBkbGp5L3VBcHlyNm84eXQ1WVphR1UxSzdqcTNlL0dFa00iLCJtYWMiOiI5NWZlZTVmMDY3N2E3OGI1ZGU4OTNiNjY1ZDM5NjAzNDg2ZWRiMzljYjJmNGQ3YjY4M2QwNDc5OWY0ODNkNjZiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22-Feb-2025 06:08:30 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InNtZlRHL212MUo0U1dEZEpITXNVZkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMHRVQzJBVGQwUllrQktwV2w0SGswS1NxbzRBQmovQnpFdXUrZDdNSndUZWtPdjk4VmNnL2E5REQ3U1c1dnNRVGdvVXpBT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlJobjBLQyt1OUthWjBkOGIyTkR2UGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnEwMEowakRrbWZJNGg5MWh4Z0x2M1MwM0JDcmY4MktPeUY5cHhiejU3d0RaZHl0Z3lxRDQ5RnBKbytoRURLWlZocEhGYi9jNWlmMUhZb3cwZ1A0aEQ5MEY0eEU4U0dxaFVPTVNKaFFkTk1ncVYwdSs3cVNDMFdYdC9WUFBWTlEiLCJtYWMiOiJiZTc4NWEyZmE2ZWQ3NzE4MDA4ODdjODJkN2YyY2FhN2EwYTllZDRkOGVjY2NjMjUzZTJkNmQwMzRlYjdlOTU5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlJobjBLQyt1OUthWjBkOGIyTkR2UGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnEwMEowakRrbWZJNGg5MWh4Z0x2M1MwM0JDcmY4MktPeUY5cHhiejU3d0RaZHl0Z3lxRDQ5RnB" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "N1EVlyC4QTvzAABcyxB1AMOxEk4ECbOaQDIEeDTY" "uc_cart_id" => "cc65dd5ddece115cc9f89f019251040e" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/4148" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 18:08:30GET/chapter/41481121914