Biotechnological Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites

Production of Anticancer Secondary Metabolites: Impacts of Bioprocess Engineering

Author(s): Sajjad Khani, Jaleh Barar, Ali Movafeghi and Yadollah Omidi

Pp: 215-240 (26)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805114411201010215

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Higher plants produce a wide spectrum of secondary metabolites that have been used as sources of a large number of industrial products (e.g. agricultural chemicals and pharmaceuticals). Although some of the natural products have been replaced by synthetic substitutes because of cost considerations, a number of medicinally important high value chemicals are still being extracted from plants. These products are used as intermediate/model compounds for chemical synthesis of many potent analogues/pharmaceuticals. Various natural products are used as antitumour agents or for the synthesis of antitumour agents. Of note, the readily available baccatin III have been exploited for the synthesis of paclitaxel by coupling baccatin III and the N-benzoyl-b-phenylisoserine side chain. However, novel biotechnological approaches (e.g. cell based bioprocess engineering) appears to be the best strategy since the extraction of natural products from plant sources may result in extinction of medicinal plant species (e.g. Taxus species). In fact, this approach confers cost-effective technology for the large-scale production of clinically/commercially important secondary metabolites such as paclitaxel. Since the emergence of the tissue culture technology in early 1950s, it has been increasingly advanced towards industrial production of secondary metabolites to overcome many problems associated with such approach. Given the fact that the plant cells/tissue culture systems not only provide means for biosynthesis of natural products but also serve as 'factories' for bioconversion of low value compounds into high value products, in the current chapter, we will focus on impacts of this robust technology regarding production of anticancer secondary metabolites.


Keywords: Secondary metabolites, natural products, cancer, antitumor, bioprocess engineering, largescale production, biosynthesis, semi-synthetic derivatives, biotechnology, precursor, cell culture, elicitation, immobilized biocatalysts.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59576018 and j.to_ip >=59576018 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514292 and j.to_date >= 1740514292 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3712) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59576018 and j.to_ip >=59576018 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514292 and j.to_date >= 1740514292 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3712) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59576018 and j.to_ip >=59576018 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514292 and j.to_date >= 1740514292 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3712)
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1057 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740514292 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740514292 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.12msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1057
      • 3: 1740514292
      • 4: 1740514292
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='fd3564bc72ae7c2f675bd207c44c8225'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    13Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        LFlHD1kBMC9joMRGyugRwbriAMbUWemxewGEelZO
        uc_cart_id
        fd3564bc72ae7c2f675bd207c44c8225
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3712" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/3712
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:11:32 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imtnd0RMQWh4Sy9yT0RMdTdSZ2hJbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRFpCSjNDSXRqZEVSbHBhaGNCL212ZkxMTTY1cHh2OStGbGlGNXlqRHF3RlBVbGNRWXhIZXBDS25xNDhoTnpzYlJyVzJlSnFQWFBUb0NUdHpRdlBqVnh0QSttMDlOaGE4dllMRkNYUzkrV21OdlJBbGoxd0tac0ZUR1NrSVFaTXEiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZWQ5MDliMmQ2MzQ3NDA0NjMwMzllZmE3Zjk0MzI1N2YzM2Q1NmQzMGEwYmZmNjJkZjU2NDVhY2ZkMjIxNDBhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:11:32 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imtnd0RMQWh4Sy9yT0RMdTdSZ2hJbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRFpCSjNDSXRqZEVSbHBhaGNCL212ZkxMTTY1cHh2OStGbGlGNXlqRHF3RlBVbGNRWXhIZXBDS25xNDhoTnpzYlJyVzJlS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Iml2ZnZ5K0dZVG5kUWhDQUkwUE9tbVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3N0Nlg2Mkhnc1EyZDRvUmkxS05meDNtKzY0RGEzUEN0L0kzK09RZktWUTE5ZTRMc0hQTTA0MUt1aTRrS3VhL3FSTGd6WjdBOHNvK1MzMTlleUUyNm9WUWpMQ2t5ZGFLR1h0L3FCL01DUlRNQnpKR0VKekE2UXlIYkRPcHJRUUIiLCJtYWMiOiIxMDFkODMzZTcxZjMxM2E0NjcwZTc4MGQ2YzE4ZjdiZWUzZDY1MGYzMzkxMWVhMWNhM2VkZmI1NGFjOTg4MzY0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Iml2ZnZ5K0dZVG5kUWhDQUkwUE9tbVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3N0Nlg2Mkhnc1EyZDRvUmkxS05meDNtKzY0RGEzUEN0L0kzK09RZktWUTE5ZTRMc0hQTTA0MUt" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imtnd0RMQWh4Sy9yT0RMdTdSZ2hJbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRFpCSjNDSXRqZEVSbHBhaGNCL212ZkxMTTY1cHh2OStGbGlGNXlqRHF3RlBVbGNRWXhIZXBDS25xNDhoTnpzYlJyVzJlSnFQWFBUb0NUdHpRdlBqVnh0QSttMDlOaGE4dllMRkNYUzkrV21OdlJBbGoxd0tac0ZUR1NrSVFaTXEiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZWQ5MDliMmQ2MzQ3NDA0NjMwMzllZmE3Zjk0MzI1N2YzM2Q1NmQzMGEwYmZmNjJkZjU2NDVhY2ZkMjIxNDBhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:11:32 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imtnd0RMQWh4Sy9yT0RMdTdSZ2hJbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRFpCSjNDSXRqZEVSbHBhaGNCL212ZkxMTTY1cHh2OStGbGlGNXlqRHF3RlBVbGNRWXhIZXBDS25xNDhoTnpzYlJyVzJlS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Iml2ZnZ5K0dZVG5kUWhDQUkwUE9tbVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3N0Nlg2Mkhnc1EyZDRvUmkxS05meDNtKzY0RGEzUEN0L0kzK09RZktWUTE5ZTRMc0hQTTA0MUt1aTRrS3VhL3FSTGd6WjdBOHNvK1MzMTlleUUyNm9WUWpMQ2t5ZGFLR1h0L3FCL01DUlRNQnpKR0VKekE2UXlIYkRPcHJRUUIiLCJtYWMiOiIxMDFkODMzZTcxZjMxM2E0NjcwZTc4MGQ2YzE4ZjdiZWUzZDY1MGYzMzkxMWVhMWNhM2VkZmI1NGFjOTg4MzY0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Iml2ZnZ5K0dZVG5kUWhDQUkwUE9tbVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3N0Nlg2Mkhnc1EyZDRvUmkxS05meDNtKzY0RGEzUEN0L0kzK09RZktWUTE5ZTRMc0hQTTA0MUt" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "LFlHD1kBMC9joMRGyugRwbriAMbUWemxewGEelZO" "uc_cart_id" => "fd3564bc72ae7c2f675bd207c44c8225" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3712" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:11:32GET/chapter/37121121915