MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease

miRNAs and Hypertension

Author(s): Zhiguo Wang

Pp: 93-95 (3)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805184711001010093

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Several processes including endothelial angiogenesis, vascular neointimal lesion formation, vascular inflammation process, lipoprotein metabolism, and hypertension are critically involved in atherosclerosis. This chapter aims to introduce the role of miRNAs in hypertension. Angiotensin II, the major bioactive peptide of the renin–angiotensin system, plays a crucial role in controlling various cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension. Endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO) formation has been reproducibly demonstrated to be reduced in patients with essential hypertension compared with normotensive control subjects. Formation of NO in endothelial cells depends on an adequate and continuing supply of its key substrate, L-arginine. Studies on miRNAs in hypertension have been rather sparse, though miRNAs have been reported to play a role in hypertension. In particular, miR-155 regulates angiotensin II type 1 receptor and miR-122 regulates L-arginine transport.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59884719 and j.to_ip >=59884719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345717 and j.to_date >= 1740345717 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3232) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59884719 and j.to_ip >=59884719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345717 and j.to_date >= 1740345717 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3232) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59884719 and j.to_ip >=59884719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740345717 and j.to_date >= 1740345717 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3232)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1014 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740345717 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740345717 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1014
      • 3: 1740345717
      • 4: 1740345717
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='a2ef3aa812cd666b81a6d8f0d76879d9'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Keywords
    1Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        mym31gVITqNJXnt7kNe6FjaYcfp6DKWzvsCdQFml
        uc_cart_id
        a2ef3aa812cd666b81a6d8f0d76879d9
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3232" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/3232
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InhkMTNDN0VHcDV6alZWaTE1M0UzMlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNkNJMzkyVGZvd0d3UU9JaWNXQnlvaGpCL2twaEpYUTlqdE83dk9GQzZ1UT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyMjcwOTBmYjdjMjA3MGE2NTUzYjE1YmU4MGFmNjQ3MjA5YThiY2IyZTQ1YjY3OTBhZmFlNDI3YmZmNTM0ZWI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InhkMTNDN0VHcDV6alZWaTE1M0UzMlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNkNJMzkyVGZvd0d3UU9JaWNXQnlvaGpCL2twaEpYUTlqdE83dk9GQzZ1UT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyMjcwOTBmYjdjMjA3" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 21:21:57 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkdUdGltNUV5ZGY2SGNLNGFnRnhzTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFQ1eS80clJoVFJ4RExKZTFSSThKdjdDQzR0TW1teDVMSWw4RUdqMzFTcldkOEgwRkZYWkFlWEl1V1ZETTc5VmxzSDJaVjl5OFBvVXZ5am9raFFLYXF2YXc5SWJSdEUya0lKYjlLam1aVlkyTTdTbVg2ZE1zV0Z0T3EvL2hMWXoiLCJtYWMiOiI2NWVkZjFhZjI4MTdjZDRjMjJlMDk4MWUzZWJlYjk5NGJhMDhiZjg1NmE3MDk5N2E2NzA2NzU2OWYyODZlZGVkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 09:21:57 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkdUdGltNUV5ZGY2SGNLNGFnRnhzTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFQ1eS80clJoVFJ4RExKZTFSSThKdjdDQzR0TW1teDVMSWw4RUdqMzFTcldkOEgwRkZYWkFlWEl1V1ZETTc5VmxzSDJaV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJZQVBrWGdMUGEyKzByeTJnS25Zanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOGJwdzhreG5mbHV0WTdVRHhoNGwzOUpDU3ZWM1E0MUREYjNablFrWDdQWlpHc3Y5MjVob2o1YjdKTGRvYmo0SmNaL25CMmo1cHNUdmZuT3Nkd2gveFZycURJR2llQUtYVDNIaXRhSEg2R1RzM3VBNThoT0tUSjVYOXVXU0IyS2siLCJtYWMiOiI1NmY1YWZjZTlhYWE5MDJmYTc0YTNhNjczNGI1NjlhZjJhMGZkNDNiNTBjNDVlZDgwZTlkOTQ4M2VlODg1MTVmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJZQVBrWGdMUGEyKzByeTJnS25Zanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOGJwdzhreG5mbHV0WTdVRHhoNGwzOUpDU3ZWM1E0MUREYjNablFrWDdQWlpHc3Y5MjVob2o1Yjd" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkdUdGltNUV5ZGY2SGNLNGFnRnhzTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFQ1eS80clJoVFJ4RExKZTFSSThKdjdDQzR0TW1teDVMSWw4RUdqMzFTcldkOEgwRkZYWkFlWEl1V1ZETTc5VmxzSDJaVjl5OFBvVXZ5am9raFFLYXF2YXc5SWJSdEUya0lKYjlLam1aVlkyTTdTbVg2ZE1zV0Z0T3EvL2hMWXoiLCJtYWMiOiI2NWVkZjFhZjI4MTdjZDRjMjJlMDk4MWUzZWJlYjk5NGJhMDhiZjg1NmE3MDk5N2E2NzA2NzU2OWYyODZlZGVkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 09:21:57 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkdUdGltNUV5ZGY2SGNLNGFnRnhzTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFQ1eS80clJoVFJ4RExKZTFSSThKdjdDQzR0TW1teDVMSWw4RUdqMzFTcldkOEgwRkZYWkFlWEl1V1ZETTc5VmxzSDJaV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJZQVBrWGdMUGEyKzByeTJnS25Zanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOGJwdzhreG5mbHV0WTdVRHhoNGwzOUpDU3ZWM1E0MUREYjNablFrWDdQWlpHc3Y5MjVob2o1YjdKTGRvYmo0SmNaL25CMmo1cHNUdmZuT3Nkd2gveFZycURJR2llQUtYVDNIaXRhSEg2R1RzM3VBNThoT0tUSjVYOXVXU0IyS2siLCJtYWMiOiI1NmY1YWZjZTlhYWE5MDJmYTc0YTNhNjczNGI1NjlhZjJhMGZkNDNiNTBjNDVlZDgwZTlkOTQ4M2VlODg1MTVmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJZQVBrWGdMUGEyKzByeTJnS25Zanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOGJwdzhreG5mbHV0WTdVRHhoNGwzOUpDU3ZWM1E0MUREYjNablFrWDdQWlpHc3Y5MjVob2o1Yjd" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "mym31gVITqNJXnt7kNe6FjaYcfp6DKWzvsCdQFml" "uc_cart_id" => "a2ef3aa812cd666b81a6d8f0d76879d9" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3232" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-23 21:21:57GET/chapter/3232112193