Poststructuralism at Work with Marginalised Children

The Bad: Being Positioned as ‘Bad’ and Counteracting that Positioning

Author(s): Bronwyn Davies and Cath Laws

Pp: 71-91 (21)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805278311102010071

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

As detailed in Chapter 1, Researching special schools: a poststructuralist approach, this work explores the capacity to apply poststructuralism, in theory and in practice, in a setting where other discourses are dominant. I focus on my own work as principal in the context of a special education school where I worked with students categorised as ‘emotionally/behaviourally disordered’. I analyse the discourses that inform this kind of work, both from the position of one who inevitably took them up, even becoming expert in them, and from a Foucauldian position of critique which sets out to render these discourses less able to be taken up.

In this chapter I use Foucault’s work on discipline and punishment to make sense of the discipline practices that are at work in schools such that most students in mainstream schools ‘get it right’ at being good students and come to desire getting it right. I then explore the workings of punishment for those students in mainstream schools who perform ‘bad’ behaviour yet remain in mainstream/regular schools. This exploration is used to gain insight into the ways students in the special school, by contrast, perform ‘bad’ behaviour in such ways that they are read as ‘abnormally bad’ and confined even to the margins in a special school.


Keywords: education, disability, emotional and behavioural disorders, behaviour management, discipline, binary/binaries, punishment, violence, Foucault, poststructuralist research, deconstruction.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3018) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3018) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 3018)
      860μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 996 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740458577 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740458577 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      5.23msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 996
      • 3: 1740458577
      • 4: 1740458577
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='af126b31a832dbaf2e8c3dcf831740d8'
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    11Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        sCc0yXqCEH2p48qHd9ijSORF8QLI5WrhQxfHPGdZ
        uc_cart_id
        af126b31a832dbaf2e8c3dcf831740d8
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3018" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/3018
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InkzdFQ2N2hCQlkxRjNQaDdSUXNWK1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV3FCdTdZeE9YQ3JBcTlDUlM3ZlZadDJhejJzYXRuNUsrNkpyNEkwZlI0cz0iLCJtYWMiOiIzZTA4MDUyYjEwNmMyMTdlOTM1MWNhNDcwYTc3NzkwOTI2Nzk5NzVkMWQ3NzM5MjE0MDk1N2IwZjNkYWU5OWM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InkzdFQ2N2hCQlkxRjNQaDdSUXNWK1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV3FCdTdZeE9YQ3JBcTlDUlM3ZlZadDJhejJzYXRuNUsrNkpyNEkwZlI0cz0iLCJtYWMiOiIzZTA4MDUyYjEwNmMy" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 04:42:57 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ino0STFIU2F5L0l1RmM2Yy9XalVaeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZUdXWVMyWlZrTHhRN2V2U2dJek45ZjArQkxLZFVoeFREREdqbkRRbjNtbllWeU1vQlpkYlRuTE80bmk0VU1Ob3lueStXKzF6clR5QW1wVHJNS0k1WEh3S2l5eDkzVDVRVkFlSmxNblBlNWpITjd0UkIrWkhMM2NUM0tpZFl6b1QiLCJtYWMiOiI1MzczZDM3Njg2ZmU5NjVhZTZjZjczMmRhNmJiYTEwODZkYmNlNGRhMzZjNDViMjNiYTkyYjMxMzUyM2U5MTllIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27 Feb 2025 16:42:57 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ino0STFIU2F5L0l1RmM2Yy9XalVaeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZUdXWVMyWlZrTHhRN2V2U2dJek45ZjArQkxLZFVoeFREREdqbkRRbjNtbllWeU1vQlpkYlRuTE80bmk0VU1Ob3lueStXK" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InZ3L0g5MmQvaXREams1WWlhMUFsa1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid05kRHRRT3BaWEdKM293cGZhNDkyUG5qNTJ3TDFIYjdmbHcwUmoreXpNSEtpWU4xT2NKTVZzQ0orT2ZPSWRrOUZYYkFCZzl3VHBRRWpmV3h2elBDWXRvemxUMTZxSkxrT29SYmlkOC9sc2FRVmtjQU1KQ0w4bXFQQkpIQXJGdWQiLCJtYWMiOiJhY2ZkM2MxNDg4NmZlMWRlODA1NjEwODY3Y2UxZWIzYWFlNTExMTMzNTMxMDNkMzY0N2UwMWQ3MjcxN2I1NGRiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InZ3L0g5MmQvaXREams1WWlhMUFsa1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid05kRHRRT3BaWEdKM293cGZhNDkyUG5qNTJ3TDFIYjdmbHcwUmoreXpNSEtpWU4xT2NKTVZzQ0o" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ino0STFIU2F5L0l1RmM2Yy9XalVaeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZUdXWVMyWlZrTHhRN2V2U2dJek45ZjArQkxLZFVoeFREREdqbkRRbjNtbllWeU1vQlpkYlRuTE80bmk0VU1Ob3lueStXKzF6clR5QW1wVHJNS0k1WEh3S2l5eDkzVDVRVkFlSmxNblBlNWpITjd0UkIrWkhMM2NUM0tpZFl6b1QiLCJtYWMiOiI1MzczZDM3Njg2ZmU5NjVhZTZjZjczMmRhNmJiYTEwODZkYmNlNGRhMzZjNDViMjNiYTkyYjMxMzUyM2U5MTllIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27-Feb-2025 16:42:57 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ino0STFIU2F5L0l1RmM2Yy9XalVaeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZUdXWVMyWlZrTHhRN2V2U2dJek45ZjArQkxLZFVoeFREREdqbkRRbjNtbllWeU1vQlpkYlRuTE80bmk0VU1Ob3lueStXK" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InZ3L0g5MmQvaXREams1WWlhMUFsa1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid05kRHRRT3BaWEdKM293cGZhNDkyUG5qNTJ3TDFIYjdmbHcwUmoreXpNSEtpWU4xT2NKTVZzQ0orT2ZPSWRrOUZYYkFCZzl3VHBRRWpmV3h2elBDWXRvemxUMTZxSkxrT29SYmlkOC9sc2FRVmtjQU1KQ0w4bXFQQkpIQXJGdWQiLCJtYWMiOiJhY2ZkM2MxNDg4NmZlMWRlODA1NjEwODY3Y2UxZWIzYWFlNTExMTMzNTMxMDNkMzY0N2UwMWQ3MjcxN2I1NGRiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InZ3L0g5MmQvaXREams1WWlhMUFsa1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid05kRHRRT3BaWEdKM293cGZhNDkyUG5qNTJ3TDFIYjdmbHcwUmoreXpNSEtpWU4xT2NKTVZzQ0o" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "sCc0yXqCEH2p48qHd9ijSORF8QLI5WrhQxfHPGdZ" "uc_cart_id" => "af126b31a832dbaf2e8c3dcf831740d8" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/3018" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 04:42:57GET/chapter/30181121913