Research Topics in Agricultural and Applied Economics

Volume: 2

New Trends in Consumer Needs: Functional Foods in the European Market

Author(s): ">Azzurra Annunziata and Riccardo Vecchio

Pp: 31-45 (15)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805243111102010031

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Over the last decade foods have not been intended only to satisfy hunger and provide necessary nutrients but also to prevent nutrition-related diseases and improve the physical and mental well-being of consumers. Hence healthier food products have entered the global markets with force in the past few years and rapidly gained market shares. The food industry has reacted to this trend by developing a growing variety of new products with health-related claims and images. However, due to limited consumer knowledge and awareness of the health effects of newly developed functional ingredients, there are strong needs for communication activities. The role of information is crucial since consumers cannot perceive the benefit directly from the product, unlike taste and other sensory characteristics. The type of information and trust in it regarding the effect of a particular product on health represent additional factors behind the success of functional foods. Based on these considerations this chapter offers an overview of the functional food (FF) market in Europe and ascertains the opportunities for further expansion of this segment. Consumer behaviour towards FFs was analyzed through a quantitative survey conducted on 400 Italian food shoppers. Our findings reveal that respondents are confused due to the ambiguity of what FF products are, and that consumers perceive products that are intrinsically healthy such as yogurt, cereals and juice, as preferable and credible carriers of FFs. Moreover, use of principal components analysis highlighted the key role played by the perception of healthiness in determining shoppers’ attitudes towards FF.


Keywords: Consumers, functional foods, European Union, factor analysis.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316381173 and j.to_ip >=316381173 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740513543 and j.to_date >= 1740513543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 2785) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316381173 and j.to_ip >=316381173 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740513543 and j.to_date >= 1740513543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 2785) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316381173 and j.to_ip >=316381173 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740513543 and j.to_date >= 1740513543 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 2785)
      860μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 981 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740513543 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740513543 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.41msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 981
      • 3: 1740513543
      • 4: 1740513543
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='ecf4cf50910eace17aa978b7516d4334'
      170μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    4Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        3vu1Ol75dmJ0qwDQihj2qzdbMZZ7wk8yHI8o4OiD
        uc_cart_id
        ecf4cf50910eace17aa978b7516d4334
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/2785" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/2785
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 19:59:03 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9XUGd6ZHdaaEZqcUVvQmE4TWVRZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib1ZMRVpGZEgvQ1B6d2JLV2luMGxiKy9tUGRpQ3hNVDVXNmdqUmxlNS9acWo3aDlycE1MSHFTTXFHRXVhRG1MSjlQWjdkMkFSWCt4d292VG5OS2p5OWlFejVmRnJWd2xiNE01c1VwS3FpQW9KUGl6U0lJN1FLUnoweGpONTRGRksiLCJtYWMiOiIzMTI3ZTVkNTM1NTI2N2YxMGFjZDQxNjg0NzBhYWMzNDUxOThiYjMyYjRlOTc4NDg1OTZlOGFmYTJmNjNlNDYyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 07:59:03 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9XUGd6ZHdaaEZqcUVvQmE4TWVRZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib1ZMRVpGZEgvQ1B6d2JLV2luMGxiKy9tUGRpQ3hNVDVXNmdqUmxlNS9acWo3aDlycE1MSHFTTXFHRXVhRG1MSjlQWjdkM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlIyQzJhRDlDN3NOMTZwQjlMQ05wM1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNlRocVVlNFdoSVRsQW9HWTZBYzUzOWRPbE1oZjNWTzNkeHNVNktIbzU4dGw2MGxGUmJ1L1FBNmNkdjNOeUxadWpNSVpXbFh4L2trV09ka1EvTDg0WVRNdHBBU2hRcThOS0k0M3RVSzB6REtWbzI5dUxoTHd6Q1VRSkpZaDdDa0oiLCJtYWMiOiIwOWZhMDAxMDA3ZTU4MTMyZTgzOTU2NWIwNzdmNjg4NDY1NWU3M2VhMGMwNzA1OThmN2I5OGYzY2E5NTc4ZjQ5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlIyQzJhRDlDN3NOMTZwQjlMQ05wM1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNlRocVVlNFdoSVRsQW9HWTZBYzUzOWRPbE1oZjNWTzNkeHNVNktIbzU4dGw2MGxGUmJ1L1FBNmN" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9XUGd6ZHdaaEZqcUVvQmE4TWVRZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib1ZMRVpGZEgvQ1B6d2JLV2luMGxiKy9tUGRpQ3hNVDVXNmdqUmxlNS9acWo3aDlycE1MSHFTTXFHRXVhRG1MSjlQWjdkMkFSWCt4d292VG5OS2p5OWlFejVmRnJWd2xiNE01c1VwS3FpQW9KUGl6U0lJN1FLUnoweGpONTRGRksiLCJtYWMiOiIzMTI3ZTVkNTM1NTI2N2YxMGFjZDQxNjg0NzBhYWMzNDUxOThiYjMyYjRlOTc4NDg1OTZlOGFmYTJmNjNlNDYyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 07:59:03 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9XUGd6ZHdaaEZqcUVvQmE4TWVRZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib1ZMRVpGZEgvQ1B6d2JLV2luMGxiKy9tUGRpQ3hNVDVXNmdqUmxlNS9acWo3aDlycE1MSHFTTXFHRXVhRG1MSjlQWjdkM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlIyQzJhRDlDN3NOMTZwQjlMQ05wM1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNlRocVVlNFdoSVRsQW9HWTZBYzUzOWRPbE1oZjNWTzNkeHNVNktIbzU4dGw2MGxGUmJ1L1FBNmNkdjNOeUxadWpNSVpXbFh4L2trV09ka1EvTDg0WVRNdHBBU2hRcThOS0k0M3RVSzB6REtWbzI5dUxoTHd6Q1VRSkpZaDdDa0oiLCJtYWMiOiIwOWZhMDAxMDA3ZTU4MTMyZTgzOTU2NWIwNzdmNjg4NDY1NWU3M2VhMGMwNzA1OThmN2I5OGYzY2E5NTc4ZjQ5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlIyQzJhRDlDN3NOMTZwQjlMQ05wM1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNlRocVVlNFdoSVRsQW9HWTZBYzUzOWRPbE1oZjNWTzNkeHNVNktIbzU4dGw2MGxGUmJ1L1FBNmN" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "3vu1Ol75dmJ0qwDQihj2qzdbMZZ7wk8yHI8o4OiD" "uc_cart_id" => "ecf4cf50910eace17aa978b7516d4334" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/2785" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 19:59:03GET/chapter/2785112196