Abstract
This chapter presents research on using novel dye-degrading processes in the
chemical process industries to prevent the increasing water demand caused by the
overuse of water in businesses near farmland. This chapter also describes the dye
degradation processes used to treat industrial effluents contaminated with dyes and the
associated chemical reactions, benefits, and drawbacks. Commonly employed chemical
techniques for treating industrial effluents contaminated with dyes demand more costly
chemicals and reagents for dye degradation. Solid precipitates or emulsions are created
when the additional chemicals interact or react with the contaminants in the industrial
effluents that are contaminated with dye. These products could harm our ecological
creatures in a variety of ways. Physiological techniques like membrane filtration, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration have their membrane pores closed by
different pollutants, shortening their lifespan. The primary focus of this chapter is on
the dye degradation characteristics of graphene oxide nanocomposite materials that
have been mixed or doped with different metal oxides and metal nanoparticles. These
days, there is increased interest in carbon-based compounds such as graphene and
graphene oxides due to their potential environmental benefits when used in the oil and
organic gas industry to purify water. The water purification activity of graphene oxide
filters is further increased when combined with photochemical active metal oxide.
Another benefit is that they don't require extra chemicals or reagents, which also
indirectly control other pollutants, and they use solar energy rather than electrical
energy. These graphene oxide nanocomposites are unique because they can regenerate
without chemicals once they run out of resources. Its physical and chemical
characteristics don't change over many cycles.