Abstract
The aggregation of protein is a complex process influenced by various
factors resulting in a wide range of debilitating disorders. These are characterized by
the deposition of insoluble plaques consisting of amyloid fibrils rich in β-sheet
structures. Many natural proteins form amyloid fibrils and build-up misfolded or
aggregated disease-specific proteins in the tissues causing human diseases. The present
chapter deals with protein structures, aggregation, misfolding, induction factors, and
their involvement in human disease and implications in precision medicine. We have
discussed the role of functional amyloids in portraying the mechanism of its formation,
highlighting the method of detection of diverse types of aggregates. Moreover, we also
contextualized therapeutic strategies to combat the process of aggregation keeping in
view that this is a broad field of research that ranges from biophysics to clinical trials.
Despite visible progress in the field of biochemistry, we still have questions regarding
the aggregation and co-aggregation of protein molecules. However, with the present
level of knowledge, it is envisaged that accurate treatments against diseases related to
aggregation would be feasible in near future.