Stem Cells in Clinical Application and Productization

Neural Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering

Author(s): Leisheng Zhang*, Xiaowei Gao, Hongjun Chen, Yimeng Wei, Ping Wang* and Chaohui Zheng * .

Pp: 58-71 (14)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815196627124010007

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are unique subsets of stem cells with self-renewal and multiple lineage differentiation potential, which are considered promising cell sources for neuron generation and complex cognitive and sensory functions, and the resultant NSC-based cryotherapy for regenerative purposes. Of them, distinguished from the small amount of activated subset, most of the NSCs are maintained in the quiescent state and reveal a low level of metabolic activity but a high sensitivity to the environment. The dynamic balance between quiescence and the activity of NSCs determines both the efficiency of neurogenesis and the long-term maintenance and self-renewal of the NSC pool as well as the neurogenic capacity of the brain. In this chapter, we mainly review the classification and biofunction of NSCs, and introduce the significant progress in the understanding of NSC-based applications and the underlying molecular mechanism for NSC quiescence, the dysfunction in neurogenesis, and the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Collectively, these data will facilitate the development of NSC-based cytotherapy for a broad spectrum of refractory and recurrent diseases in the future.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 873421719 and j.to_ip >=873421719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834399 and j.to_date >= 1739834399 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21644) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 873421719 and j.to_ip >=873421719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834399 and j.to_date >= 1739834399 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21644) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 873421719 and j.to_ip >=873421719 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834399 and j.to_date >= 1739834399 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21644)
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3670 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834399 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834399 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3670
      • 3: 1739834399
      • 4: 1739834399
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='b319c68e27c0aac9cea48f0705ec2aca'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        OxwkLJTEclL3eSCqpGo2xpDqxTuTj4kdmLrGCyVQ
        uc_cart_id
        b319c68e27c0aac9cea48f0705ec2aca
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21644" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/21644
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
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        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        array:5 [ "_token" => "OxwkLJTEclL3eSCqpGo2xpDqxTuTj4kdmLrGCyVQ" "uc_cart_id" => "b319c68e27c0aac9cea48f0705ec2aca" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21644" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:19:59GET/chapter/21644112192