Abstract
Food security has become the biggest challenge today due to the burgeoning
population and environmental impacts on crops. The agriculture system needs to meet
the food demand by using appropriate sustainable approaches while exerting minimum
impact on the ecosystem. Multiomics is one of the successful sustainable technologies
that contribute toward crop improvement and acceleration in food production.
Progressive development in next-generation sequencing for various omics like
genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics and phenomics have
provided desired genetic resources for crop improvement. With the development of
molecular technology, new breeding tools are used for the transfer of genes from one
species to another. Biotic and abiotic stress-resistant traits are incorporated in
cultivating varieties to make them superior and produce a good yield. This chapter
solely summarizes the development of new traits with the help of new breeding tools
such as TALENs and CRISPR in plant breeding. The high throughput multi-omics
techniques are not only applicable for enhancing agricultural growth and yield but also
helpful in refining food security.