Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Choroidal and Vitreoretinal Disorders – Part 2

OCT-A Findings and Usefulness in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Author(s): Sanjay Marasini and Miguel A. Quiroz-Reyes * .

Pp: 170-188 (19)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815196658123010011

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The eye is a window to the brain because of its inherent connection to the central nervous system (CNS). Several brain disorders manifest as ophthalmic abnormalities and can be detected through a detailed assessment of the eyes. In the last decade, extensive evaluation of retinal microvascular changes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has been performed for several diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Although the results from the available studies are conflicting (mainly due to heterogeneous study populations), they agree on the applicability of this technology for the early identification of these diseases. This chapter summarizes the OCT-A screening and monitoring uses for these diseases and hypotheses for the potential identification of disease characteristics.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version186msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[23:25:19] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (104ms)time
  • Application (81.95ms)time
  • 1 x Booting (56.01%)
    104ms
    1 x Application (43.99%)
    81.95ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed24.31ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316440840','',1,1739834719,1739834719) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739834719
      990μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316440840','/chapter/21361',1,1739834719,1739834719)
      140μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316440840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316440840) limit 1
      13.32msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 316440840
      • 1: 316440840
      • 2: 316440840
      • 3: 316440840
      • 4: 316440840
      • 5: 316440840
      • 6: 316440840
      • 7: 316440840
      • 8: 316440840
      • 9: 316440840
      • 10: 316440840
      • 11: 316440840
      • 12: 316440840
      • 13: 316440840
      • 14: 316440840
      • 15: 316440840
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '21361' limit 1
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 21361
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '21361' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 21361
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '21361'
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 21361
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 1282 limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 1282
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1282) and se.ebook_id!=1282 and v.ebook_status='1'
      2.47msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1282) and se.ebook_id!=1282 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      760μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1282)
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1282) limit 10 offset 0
      450μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 3649 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 3649
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 1282 and ebook_volume_id <> 3649 limit 1
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 1282
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '21361' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '3649' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3649) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3649) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3649)
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21361) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21361) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834719 and j.to_date >= 1739834719 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21361)
      670μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3649 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834719 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834719 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.16msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3649
      • 3: 1739834719
      • 4: 1739834719
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='0a4f6da223b447dedf7613234a58dc88'
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        iJLcvEum1h9MAcWhqi2xHLsTgq7WoNTB8dHcMXjV
        uc_cart_id
        0a4f6da223b447dedf7613234a58dc88
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21361" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/21361
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "fpestid=lbwvGiXYriJVwA0g4i4Z5mNBVQ18k4lyIQO0xc9NQFqIW1_8-KR3YjdX9XGmJUZ0OicdEg; wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlIwSDNLZUlPOTN0UUt5Q2hCNkJ5OUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMTQ3TzdpN291UFIzVnViemVJMHRoMHVmbWhMS2RvdlZ1R0dVNUYrcndDU3UySVNtTnBGV0FWenVjWUlZY1IyMSIsIm1hYyI6ImFkZWJmYjYzNGJlYmRhN2FjNTdlNmU3ZjRjMDc1YWRmNTNjNzFhZmU5OGRiYWM5MDFhMWNmYzI5ZGY4MWYwN2UiLCJ0YWciOiIifQ%3D%3D; XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InllUjNyMmFBbEVMdWo1WXc3blppZnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZXhQSkgyZkZHZkthdnZFcVhRQ2Q0T2pEUjE4WUVxUlc3anRhOEljanZYdVd0cDhNbVZJcDgrM1FzK2RyY2xqdk01aCtyZktsYkVjVXhkak5SZEg3S3A3OVZjeldXNVlERndHbHdCRmxMbCswZExPWmkzWVlnbkgxK3NnNjQxMG0iLCJtYWMiOiIwZjA4ODVmZmI5NzJjMDU4Y2FhOGY3ZThkNDM3MWM4MTVlZTBhYzZhNzIzMmRjM2NjZjA2YmUwNjI4MWIxZDI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkVpUWpxVDZOVFlZczIxRUo3WHBKRFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNmRRODRaSERBVkJDOWFTK09uM3A2c1RvVVRvWjQ1RXFJTWpqV2hEWEFYWU5aYkVRNnRBVXp2OUxrRUVuRUdoMGpZbnZzb3ZlL3dkVFJORFJxb1d5U28yYm9HYVFtOENsOEgyK1hWdEhZK2RxdGNBU21PSFJxczl1WDk3MDVDZFQiLCJtYWMiOiJhMGQ0NzVlMWUzMWQxOGIzZWNmNGE1M2VkNjg1MmQ2MGQ3OTI4NjkzMWE0YmE4MWJmMjY1NTIwOGY3OTE1YTFlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dfpestid=lbwvGiXYriJVwA0g4i4Z5mNBVQ18k4lyIQO0xc9NQFqIW1_8-KR3YjdX9XGmJUZ0OicdEg; wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlIwSDNLZUlPOTN0UUt5Q2hCNkJ5OUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMTQ3Tzdp" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "fpestid" => null "wayfindertarget" => null "XSRF-TOKEN" => "iJLcvEum1h9MAcWhqi2xHLsTgq7WoNTB8dHcMXjV" "alphaeurekaselectnet_session" => "hBSpNBBaU6E6YRzi8axP2rh6FSYg5dBF5jDllRuL" ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:25:19 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImJMVG5qRVQ1SzRBTWdQNGJWcE92dUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGJrSlloUllqTVpod2dYNU1ONThvQjN6dUl4a3g1ZUE3OTNFZFJJQmNzRi9WdWNPbHFFYmJ3TnZHNm82SVdIdEp6N1doblp5djdzUUVhempqYlp2by84cEZ5R2dqWDZIanhEbGxDM1RlMkRVQjJLZWN4eEc3clhWY2J6OThTNnQiLCJtYWMiOiI2Njg4ZDU1MGRiM2I1MjZiYTE5YjUwNzgxYjJkOTk0YjQ2MWMyNTU5ODdjOTUyYjRhN2I3MzhjMDJjZjViZTRhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:25:19 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImJMVG5qRVQ1SzRBTWdQNGJWcE92dUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGJrSlloUllqTVpod2dYNU1ONThvQjN6dUl4a3g1ZUE3OTNFZFJJQmNzRi9WdWNPbHFFYmJ3TnZHNm82SVdIdEp6N1dob" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Im16T1ZZQU1qMmRBdldOZDIzeVpJdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVzdpZXQrcDEvdkNjTUVhVkpaTGhkR1hxeTFxYTlDNEVYWmI3bVpUcFBuQUZEQ2I4TmQ0OWJNcjV2SENGV0FrQkc0bk96aVVhVis4bDJKSUl1THAwNFJLVFVsanpJcmFlYjJiWFdSQkF4aVY2Z1IvU2c1RTMxanZ5by84ODMzR1oiLCJtYWMiOiI3YzNiNjI5NjQ4NjM4NjgwMmYxMzkxYjY0YTYzNWVhMTJmNGMwYmRmZTUwOGM4ZTI3OGRiMjJlYmRjZjVmZTcyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Im16T1ZZQU1qMmRBdldOZDIzeVpJdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVzdpZXQrcDEvdkNjTUVhVkpaTGhkR1hxeTFxYTlDNEVYWmI3bVpUcFBuQUZEQ2I4TmQ0OWJNcjV" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImJMVG5qRVQ1SzRBTWdQNGJWcE92dUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGJrSlloUllqTVpod2dYNU1ONThvQjN6dUl4a3g1ZUE3OTNFZFJJQmNzRi9WdWNPbHFFYmJ3TnZHNm82SVdIdEp6N1doblp5djdzUUVhempqYlp2by84cEZ5R2dqWDZIanhEbGxDM1RlMkRVQjJLZWN4eEc3clhWY2J6OThTNnQiLCJtYWMiOiI2Njg4ZDU1MGRiM2I1MjZiYTE5YjUwNzgxYjJkOTk0YjQ2MWMyNTU5ODdjOTUyYjRhN2I3MzhjMDJjZjViZTRhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:25:19 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImJMVG5qRVQ1SzRBTWdQNGJWcE92dUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGJrSlloUllqTVpod2dYNU1ONThvQjN6dUl4a3g1ZUE3OTNFZFJJQmNzRi9WdWNPbHFFYmJ3TnZHNm82SVdIdEp6N1dob" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Im16T1ZZQU1qMmRBdldOZDIzeVpJdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVzdpZXQrcDEvdkNjTUVhVkpaTGhkR1hxeTFxYTlDNEVYWmI3bVpUcFBuQUZEQ2I4TmQ0OWJNcjV2SENGV0FrQkc0bk96aVVhVis4bDJKSUl1THAwNFJLVFVsanpJcmFlYjJiWFdSQkF4aVY2Z1IvU2c1RTMxanZ5by84ODMzR1oiLCJtYWMiOiI3YzNiNjI5NjQ4NjM4NjgwMmYxMzkxYjY0YTYzNWVhMTJmNGMwYmRmZTUwOGM4ZTI3OGRiMjJlYmRjZjVmZTcyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Im16T1ZZQU1qMmRBdldOZDIzeVpJdVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVzdpZXQrcDEvdkNjTUVhVkpaTGhkR1hxeTFxYTlDNEVYWmI3bVpUcFBuQUZEQ2I4TmQ0OWJNcjV" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "iJLcvEum1h9MAcWhqi2xHLsTgq7WoNTB8dHcMXjV" "uc_cart_id" => "0a4f6da223b447dedf7613234a58dc88" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21361" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:25:19GET/chapter/21361112192