Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Choroidal and Vitreoretinal Disorders – Part 2

The Role of Macular Perfusion as a Contributing Factor in the Pathogenesis of Myopic Macular Traction Maculopathy

Author(s): Miguel A. Quiroz-Reyes*, Erick A. Quiroz-Gonzalez*, Margarita Montano, Miguel A. Quiroz-Gonzalez, Sanjay Marasini and Virgilio Lima- Gomez

Pp: 47-88 (42)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815196658123010006

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Recently, qualitative and quantitative perfusional evaluations of vessel density (VD) and choriocapillaris flow patterns at the macular level have changed the evaluation spectrum and management of different macular pathologies. Published data on long-term macular perfusional findings and quantitative VD and flow evaluation (perfusion indices) in patients at different stages of successfully operated myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) compared with the corresponding values in normal control subjects are limited. This chapter describes the role of macular perfusion as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of MTM.

The primary outcome measure included the long-term structural and perfusional macular status across groups. Forty-six eyes of 34 patients were included in the study group. The axial length was 29.89±1.67 mm. The postoperative follow-up period was 43±26.77 months. The preoperative BCVA was 1.29±0.54 logMAR, and the postoperative BCVA was 0.60±0.52 logMAR (P<0.05). The difference in perfusion indices across groups was statistically significant (p<0.005). Surgically resolved MTM eyes generally had a larger superficial foveal avascular zone area, lower vessel density, smaller choriocapillaris flow area (CFA), thinner central subfoveal thickness (CSFT), and more macular defects. Better functional, structural, and perfusion index outcomes were observed in highly myopic eyes that underwent early surgery. 

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59769557 and j.to_ip >=59769557 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834910 and j.to_date >= 1739834910 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21350) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59769557 and j.to_ip >=59769557 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834910 and j.to_date >= 1739834910 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21350) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59769557 and j.to_ip >=59769557 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834910 and j.to_date >= 1739834910 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 21350)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3649 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834910 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834910 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.09msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3649
      • 3: 1739834910
      • 4: 1739834910
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='86acd0090c96093272499211810fc740'
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        vfVJfFAtcxUp436iKo4ihwqbasM6pQqPYtnrhD0U
        uc_cart_id
        86acd0090c96093272499211810fc740
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21350" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/21350
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InVpTENJUjAwQ1RZYkU4djJXRlVwR1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQmhFSm94SnZwcDRpMHRRcVB5N0orTXUyaVMvdnlJUFpha24yMEJIV1k1WT0iLCJtYWMiOiI5YzczNTBlOTQzMzM0YTkxZmVkMzI1OWIxNjBjYTdiODcyNDI4MDE4MzViM2Q3NWMyMDRlOTE5MGFiZmVkNzQ3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _ga_9F3B5VV3T3=GS1.1.1739834910.1.0.1739834910.60.0.0; _ga=GA1.1.403378762.1739834910wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InVpTENJUjAwQ1RZYkU4djJXRlVwR1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQmhFSm94SnZwcDRpMHRRcVB5N0orTXUyaVMvdnlJUFpha24yMEJIV1k1WT0iLCJtYWMiOiI5YzczNTBlOTQzMzM0" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:3 [ "wayfindertarget" => null "_ga_9F3B5VV3T3" => null "_ga" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:28:30 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik9lT2NiVWVZRFptQ05oWDRXTC9Pdmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOWtjT081ZUtBTTVBbmpma2JyWG1zMCtwbWxOdnlGc0trSy92ckJyMGtjT2dYVHZLZ1pvR21ZclN6WUtxQWNlZVFpMEVqbHlRenY5YmUrcTU2U29QSHlEMWwzODBPcXdGYVRNdk83MGl0YVNOTTkwL014dzJRWjgyY0drb0N0OG0iLCJtYWMiOiJiMzIzYzM2ZjFiMmNkZWIyMDk4ZWRjZWM0YjQ3MDIyY2E5M2I2OWFjODRlNGE2MTYwZjlkYTczYzkxNGUzZGZmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:28:30 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik9lT2NiVWVZRFptQ05oWDRXTC9Pdmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOWtjT081ZUtBTTVBbmpma2JyWG1zMCtwbWxOdnlGc0trSy92ckJyMGtjT2dYVHZLZ1pvR21ZclN6WUtxQWNlZVFpMEVqb" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IllySTJmTDZJeklPaFZ2ZmpnYWZMTFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3FMeXNLSzd6NUNCbWF4QUQ5SCtiTWxLSG9xaHBYZm9EMnEycm5BbHowYkhuaTlYeUZRM2hUMkJxdXJ3UkRIUXpqUElPOWJSd3pnYThveEtSSm53d2JGSDR3YmhSYkp4RFV4S0Fwait3SnBicjlOV1E2QUhLQTdsK2VCS0tHOVIiLCJtYWMiOiIzNzYwMzU3ZjdjMTgxOTBhMmI2MTIxNjM5ODlmYmJlNGMxM2NmMTU5MGE3ZTE3ZmNkMjc0ZmY1Y2Y0NGM1M2ZlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IllySTJmTDZJeklPaFZ2ZmpnYWZMTFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3FMeXNLSzd6NUNCbWF4QUQ5SCtiTWxLSG9xaHBYZm9EMnEycm5BbHowYkhuaTlYeUZRM2hUMkJ" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik9lT2NiVWVZRFptQ05oWDRXTC9Pdmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOWtjT081ZUtBTTVBbmpma2JyWG1zMCtwbWxOdnlGc0trSy92ckJyMGtjT2dYVHZLZ1pvR21ZclN6WUtxQWNlZVFpMEVqbHlRenY5YmUrcTU2U29QSHlEMWwzODBPcXdGYVRNdk83MGl0YVNOTTkwL014dzJRWjgyY0drb0N0OG0iLCJtYWMiOiJiMzIzYzM2ZjFiMmNkZWIyMDk4ZWRjZWM0YjQ3MDIyY2E5M2I2OWFjODRlNGE2MTYwZjlkYTczYzkxNGUzZGZmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:28:30 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik9lT2NiVWVZRFptQ05oWDRXTC9Pdmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOWtjT081ZUtBTTVBbmpma2JyWG1zMCtwbWxOdnlGc0trSy92ckJyMGtjT2dYVHZLZ1pvR21ZclN6WUtxQWNlZVFpMEVqb" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IllySTJmTDZJeklPaFZ2ZmpnYWZMTFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3FMeXNLSzd6NUNCbWF4QUQ5SCtiTWxLSG9xaHBYZm9EMnEycm5BbHowYkhuaTlYeUZRM2hUMkJxdXJ3UkRIUXpqUElPOWJSd3pnYThveEtSSm53d2JGSDR3YmhSYkp4RFV4S0Fwait3SnBicjlOV1E2QUhLQTdsK2VCS0tHOVIiLCJtYWMiOiIzNzYwMzU3ZjdjMTgxOTBhMmI2MTIxNjM5ODlmYmJlNGMxM2NmMTU5MGE3ZTE3ZmNkMjc0ZmY1Y2Y0NGM1M2ZlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IllySTJmTDZJeklPaFZ2ZmpnYWZMTFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3FMeXNLSzd6NUNCbWF4QUQ5SCtiTWxLSG9xaHBYZm9EMnEycm5BbHowYkhuaTlYeUZRM2hUMkJ" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "vfVJfFAtcxUp436iKo4ihwqbasM6pQqPYtnrhD0U" "uc_cart_id" => "86acd0090c96093272499211810fc740" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/21350" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:28:30GET/chapter/21350112192