Abstract
The world at large has acknowledged the importance of environmental
issues. The depletion of natural resources, such as drinking water, and the emission of
greenhouse gases that result in climatic change and the deterioration of human health,
are the primary concerns. As urban areas expand rapidly, they exert enormous strain on
nearby water supplies, leading to a global freshwater demand surge that is outpacing
population expansion. The development of polymer nanocomposites has contributed
significantly to the search for viable answers to pressing ecological concerns. Their
ability to eradicate pollutants, including gas emissions, heavy metals, and dyes in
wastewater has garnered researchers’ attention. In this overview, polymer
nanocomposites, as well as the composites reinforced with biocarbon that are used in
environmentally friendly ways, are discussed in detail. The adsorption mechanism and
applications of polymer nanocomposites for the removal of hazardous metal ions and
dyes were also studied.