Abstract
The innovative concept of smart cities drives economic growth and provides
a standard of life through better services to the citizens. The incorporation of advanced
technologies in smart cities projects smart outcomes that can be provided to the
citizens. In the growth of smart cities, various public sectors, such as education, health
care, and communication are adopting recent technologies such as IoE, Cloud/Fog
computing, and Big data. These existing technologies integrate various IoE-based
networks to manage various activities of smart cities. Many smart city projects are
being implemented in different countries. Although various challenges are being faced,
still, recent technologies are extensively being deployed in various projects of smart
cities. To provide solutions to smart cities many standards have been implemented
globally. These standards provide various solutions and concrete guidelines for the
proper functioning of smart cities. The concept of smart cities is also facing some
challenges in their planning, design, and implementation. Security and privacy of the
IoE systems is one of the major challenges faced in the projects of smart cities. The
main objectives of smart cities are to provide smart solutions to humans for their daily
life problems and to create a sustainable environment. Researchers are developing
various models of smart cities that can be implemented in real life to support the
sustainable development of smart cities. This chapter explores numerous IoE
applications which are also concerned with smart cities. The chapter discusses existing
technologies that have a great contribution to the development of various prominent
areas of smart cities. The chapter identifies and categorizes several challenges that are
being faced by the stakeholders and officials in the construction of smart cities. At the
end of the chapter, some research directions have also been discussed that can be
helpful in the implementation of IoE-based applications and their deployment in smart
cities.