Abstract
In the last decades, increased air pollution has been the world's largest
environmental health threat, and new causal relationships between it and human
diseases have been discovered. To better understand the relationship between air
pollution and health risks and to promote the most efficient measures that may reduce
the health impact, the chapter sets the context regarding the risk–based approach to air
quality management and presents the Health Impact Assessment of Air Pollution, the
Health Risk Assessment process and the tools that can be used for assessing it. To
support the theoretical information described, several case studies were presented.