Nanobiotechnology: Principles and Applications

Role of Nanofertilizers in Agriculture-Futuristic Approach

Author(s): Ali Asger Bhojiya*, Abubakar Yahaya Muhammad, Aliyu Ahmad Mahmud, Umar Salisu Ahmad, Monica Sen and Devendra Jain * .

Pp: 88-111 (24)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815123555123010007

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Chemical fertilizers are crucial in the production of cost-effective agricultural crops. However, long-term usage of chemical fertilizers will deteriorate the soil quality and it is hazardous to human health. Scientists and researchers across the globe are seeking the help of nanotechnology as a possible solution to combat the hazardous effect of chemical fertilizers. Nanotechnology is a branch of science and engineering concerned with the matter at the nanoscale or one billionth of a meter. Nanofertilizers are modified fertilizers that are synthesized using techniques of nanotechnology involving various physicochemical and biological methods. These methods aid in enhancing their attributes and composition, which leads to a positive effect on crop productivity. Nanofertilizers are far more beneficial when compared to chemical fertilizers as the former are cost-effective, less toxic and show controlled and regulated release of nutrients to plants. This chapter is primarily concerned with the various methods employed in nanofertilizer synthesis, the economic importance of nanofertilizers and their advantage over conventional chemical fertilizers. 

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51413955 and j.to_ip >=51413955 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834843 and j.to_date >= 1739834843 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18950) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51413955 and j.to_ip >=51413955 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834843 and j.to_date >= 1739834843 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18950) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51413955 and j.to_ip >=51413955 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834843 and j.to_date >= 1739834843 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18950)
      520μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3481 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834843 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834843 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.04msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3481
      • 3: 1739834843
      • 4: 1739834843
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='04b0b2d5ec25af491c956cda88f6c6e6'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        bieGpH83QmTII5T24HLqyyULxNArnD225JB7ZvYn
        uc_cart_id
        04b0b2d5ec25af491c956cda88f6c6e6
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18950" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/18950
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
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        response_headers
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        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:27:23GET/chapter/18950112192