The Practice of Sleep Medicine Around The World: Challenges, Knowledge Gaps and Unique Needs

Practice of Sleep Medicine in Russia

Author(s): Mikhail Bochkarev*, Lyudmila Korostovtseva, Mikhail Agaltsov, Natalya Leonenko, Valeria Amelina, Anatoly Alekhin and Yurii Sviryaev

Pp: 396-421 (26)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815049367123010032

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Somnology in Russia is a competency area for medical doctors from different disciplines. Most of them are cardiologists involved in private clinics located in the central and western parts of the country in the major cities. Some factors limit the development of somnology: differences between the regions, absence of legislative and regulatory absence of documents, lack of sleep-related services in the medical standards of health care, no insurance reimbursement, undergraduate sleep-related programs, and high cost of diagnostic and treatment equipment. Several professional societies focus on the development of different fields - clinical, fundamental, pediatric somnology, chronobiology and dream research. The postgraduate activities for medical doctors include different lectures online, web-based interactive educational modules on sleep disorders within the continuing medical education system, regular seminars in the major medical centers; certified (within other medical specialties) short training courses on sleep-disordered breathing and non-invasive ventilation and longer 36-72 hours courses in sleep medicine. The members of sleep-related societies perform various public activities all year round and in relation to the World Sleep Day. Diagnostic features of sleep practice include the unique use of rheopneumogram in Holter monitoring for very rough screening of apneas during sleep. Initiation of noninvasive ventilation therapy is more often started at home with the use of auto-CPAP machines. Various instrumental methods developed in Russia for insomnia treatment lack strong evidence. Support of the governmental institutions would help to solve present issues with regulatory standards in education and treatment in sleep medicine.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version194msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[23:25:04] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (93.37ms)time
  • Application (101ms)time
  • 1 x Application (51.86%)
    101ms
    1 x Booting (48.14%)
    93.37ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed29.81ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58953283','',1,1739834704,1739834704) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739834704
      1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58953283','/chapter/18712',1,1739834704,1739834704)
      150μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58953283 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58953283) limit 1
      19.71msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 58953283
      • 1: 58953283
      • 2: 58953283
      • 3: 58953283
      • 4: 58953283
      • 5: 58953283
      • 6: 58953283
      • 7: 58953283
      • 8: 58953283
      • 9: 58953283
      • 10: 58953283
      • 11: 58953283
      • 12: 58953283
      • 13: 58953283
      • 14: 58953283
      • 15: 58953283
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '18712' limit 1
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 18712
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '18712' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      850μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 18712
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '18712'
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 18712
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 1106 limit 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 1106
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1106) and se.ebook_id!=1106 and v.ebook_status='1'
      2.39msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1106) and se.ebook_id!=1106 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      700μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1106)
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=1106) limit 10 offset 0
      420μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 3466 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 3466
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 1106 and ebook_volume_id <> 3466 limit 1
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 1106
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '18712' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '3466' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3466) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3466) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3466)
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18712) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18712) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58953283 and j.to_ip >=58953283 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834704 and j.to_date >= 1739834704 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18712)
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3466 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834704 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834704 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3466
      • 3: 1739834704
      • 4: 1739834704
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='bf4f8487f3df37d0cdb9c184e15159c6'
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        bYxwOffiw8XYqUMmCm2NmFur2CFFuFWYvrMaRiTn
        uc_cart_id
        bf4f8487f3df37d0cdb9c184e15159c6
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18712" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/18712
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjVtdjdWTzRXay8yN3VycEZHNEVpT0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQkNZczNTVURqQkUyT2hCdDJnOXdHdXpkZGdrUlRRTVdRYjNQYzNueC92Zz0iLCJtYWMiOiI5NjM5Nzg2NzFmZTYwYzE1MGRmYzIyMjc2ZmMzMWZlM2M5YmQ5MzI4NWNjOTk5NDAyOTUyMWVlMTFjZWIwYTk0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjBVUFN6U3VpSUZsR0tsL2tTeitzTWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibUdVZ2NmQ0lTMFY5UFZpb0FFcGF5dXFBSHVTSkwrS3lCcTBlVmVMeDdKdGdoOW1QbXhET05EVGVkRXl1MGFjV3dwbGdIQlFxMFMwY2hhc3I2ZTd4TlJxSlZOeGdzeTdQV1lyenphV3hXTGtTS0cvdTRJdVJydGpUYmQ5dDlpTHIiLCJtYWMiOiI3NWY4MjQzNWJlNTIyNzVjYjZkMmU3ODQ3YmEzN2I1ODA0ZTUwNDk2Y2I3YTUwNWJkNjhjMWIzZjQxM2EwM2Y1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik12NmF5L0k1c1NKTHFuRHI5enkzdmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZHpZYktoUXJycXlZOFA2ZllUU1k1WFhYVkxDdmFwWk4vZ3JjeDJ3akJ2MXhUZ3ZiRkFpWUhKUzgvZmhhZjFHL1gwcHB2akNzdGVOSCtMdHp0YVVQU3B2djRjNmZHeWF1NUFFTldwdk1pZk5kMXBpL05KKzZhSVhEc2hJbjJMMDIiLCJtYWMiOiJjZjQyNzBhNjE2NWRjMmU5NWU3MjMyZjM2YmQ0ODcxYzlkZDAwMDM0NGI1ZDA0M2FjZDc0NGQ2MDIxY2VmOGM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjVtdjdWTzRXay8yN3VycEZHNEVpT0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQkNZczNTVURqQkUyT2hCdDJnOXdHdXpkZGdrUlRRTVdRYjNQYzNueC92Zz0iLCJtYWMiOiI5NjM5Nzg2NzFmZTYw" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:3 [ "wayfindertarget" => null "XSRF-TOKEN" => "bYxwOffiw8XYqUMmCm2NmFur2CFFuFWYvrMaRiTn" "alphaeurekaselectnet_session" => "lS1dcdzcFH3EK4YsQrwVrAYqcBcb3bu6TPvft2CV" ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:25:04 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InowUFFvbUVQV0RpcmZIZkZXWjBnOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiY3lEOXpKR0lBbjhhNUh2elovWWtuUHdMT2dBR3VKMmcxUVZsZjhYdkRQNWRXVlJkdTFIeDc0Z2k0U0hUZUdWUmdmV0IyTG1aUytURzlPWkZJVTdkbExDZ0FrTlAybW1QMUdQNkdRamE0N25KVFhpY2xwNVIxYVhrU20zNHRHL0kiLCJtYWMiOiI0NTcwZmYxM2NhNzM5NzAyYTIxZGI3OWRmYmIyYjFkMjM3NTFmOTYyZWMzNmNkODc4OWY3NDY0MTU1NTNkMGViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:25:04 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InowUFFvbUVQV0RpcmZIZkZXWjBnOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiY3lEOXpKR0lBbjhhNUh2elovWWtuUHdMT2dBR3VKMmcxUVZsZjhYdkRQNWRXVlJkdTFIeDc0Z2k0U0hUZUdWUmdmV0IyT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNKdDMxS0dTdDZsZFljRVVYWXZNSWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXc0SDNUL2l6aElMbVd2dXRqaGtBMFp0RjFOSktMcXBJSFFZeWU4bU8rTnNiZy9EUjc4enM4eWhzK0xpNElWSHB2WDNkWk9TejB6eSt4c01Hcmx2T2tRaGJJSUhkVk02dmdvWUpIY205cmVtY3dmS0szaWkvaUNtNnUxRmc0bWIiLCJtYWMiOiJkYTAwMGEwNDE5MzFmMDE4ZmUwYzFjNWEwZWJhYmFiOWI1MjUyODAyNmY1NWM4ZjAxYTBjZDJmNjk0ZDc5YjQ4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNKdDMxS0dTdDZsZFljRVVYWXZNSWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXc0SDNUL2l6aElMbVd2dXRqaGtBMFp0RjFOSktMcXBJSFFZeWU4bU8rTnNiZy9EUjc4enM4eWh" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InowUFFvbUVQV0RpcmZIZkZXWjBnOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiY3lEOXpKR0lBbjhhNUh2elovWWtuUHdMT2dBR3VKMmcxUVZsZjhYdkRQNWRXVlJkdTFIeDc0Z2k0U0hUZUdWUmdmV0IyTG1aUytURzlPWkZJVTdkbExDZ0FrTlAybW1QMUdQNkdRamE0N25KVFhpY2xwNVIxYVhrU20zNHRHL0kiLCJtYWMiOiI0NTcwZmYxM2NhNzM5NzAyYTIxZGI3OWRmYmIyYjFkMjM3NTFmOTYyZWMzNmNkODc4OWY3NDY0MTU1NTNkMGViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:25:04 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InowUFFvbUVQV0RpcmZIZkZXWjBnOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiY3lEOXpKR0lBbjhhNUh2elovWWtuUHdMT2dBR3VKMmcxUVZsZjhYdkRQNWRXVlJkdTFIeDc0Z2k0U0hUZUdWUmdmV0IyT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNKdDMxS0dTdDZsZFljRVVYWXZNSWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXc0SDNUL2l6aElMbVd2dXRqaGtBMFp0RjFOSktMcXBJSFFZeWU4bU8rTnNiZy9EUjc4enM4eWhzK0xpNElWSHB2WDNkWk9TejB6eSt4c01Hcmx2T2tRaGJJSUhkVk02dmdvWUpIY205cmVtY3dmS0szaWkvaUNtNnUxRmc0bWIiLCJtYWMiOiJkYTAwMGEwNDE5MzFmMDE4ZmUwYzFjNWEwZWJhYmFiOWI1MjUyODAyNmY1NWM4ZjAxYTBjZDJmNjk0ZDc5YjQ4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNKdDMxS0dTdDZsZFljRVVYWXZNSWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXc0SDNUL2l6aElMbVd2dXRqaGtBMFp0RjFOSktMcXBJSFFZeWU4bU8rTnNiZy9EUjc4enM4eWh" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "bYxwOffiw8XYqUMmCm2NmFur2CFFuFWYvrMaRiTn" "uc_cart_id" => "bf4f8487f3df37d0cdb9c184e15159c6" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18712" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:25:04GET/chapter/18712112192