The Practice of Sleep Medicine Around The World: Challenges, Knowledge Gaps and Unique Needs

Current Practice of Sleep Medicine in India

Author(s): Nitika Dang * .

Pp: 181-194 (14)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815049367123010018

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The history of sleep medicine dates back to millennia, carrying centuries of wisdom, decades of myths and challenges through the many years of struggle. Having been recognised as a body of knowledge in the last two decades and a formal branch of medicine in modern-day India. The burden of impending clinical practice, research and disproportionate health indices has allowed the tide of sleep medicine to be surfed by multiple specialties. With research interest dating back to 1965, the practice laid its formal beginning with the first sleep lab set up in New Delhi in 1995. The regulatory practices are thin on the ground that impedes the standardization of clinical research, labs or training of personnel in India. Initiatives at the behest of physicians have led to the setup of self-structured regulatory bodies, expanding the network of sleep labs in the country, albeit still very limited in comparison to the size of its populace. Increasing awareness about healthy sleep habits, bridging gaps in research, quality training and standards, improved regulatory frameworks, and translating knowledge from evidence-based medicine will drive the desired public health outcomes as well as the growth of standards and the future of sleep medicine practice in India.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51399716 and j.to_ip >=51399716 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834602 and j.to_date >= 1739834602 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18698) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51399716 and j.to_ip >=51399716 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834602 and j.to_date >= 1739834602 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18698) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51399716 and j.to_ip >=51399716 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834602 and j.to_date >= 1739834602 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18698)
      660μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3466 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834602 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834602 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3466
      • 3: 1739834602
      • 4: 1739834602
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cd1637b73ae74dd3ef0f94831f2ede7a'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        huv34Qvt6YamsEHgwiPmnKUm5xh7VgveRCMBpZu9
        uc_cart_id
        cd1637b73ae74dd3ef0f94831f2ede7a
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18698" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/18698
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlZmSjBzVVltL0Y4UjFoQkFnN0dtamc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVTFBNlhDMit3US8xNCtYcW41M0k3RWJMZXF0c1JIaDY1NnI5NU1MbTd4RT0iLCJtYWMiOiJkYTkwOTAxMWQ3ODEwZmFmYWJhYTA1ZTJmZDQxNDlmMDRmZTJkYWJiYjUwOGI5YWE0N2ZlMWQyNDJmMDcwMzVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlZmSjBzVVltL0Y4UjFoQkFnN0dtamc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVTFBNlhDMit3US8xNCtYcW41M0k3RWJMZXF0c1JIaDY1NnI5NU1MbTd4RT0iLCJtYWMiOiJkYTkwOTAxMWQ3ODEw" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:23:22 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkgrTWliaS8vcnJweThBQkZaT3BYWmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTENFS2hURkVKV3p4WEdScVdpd2owZ2pHUE9MbUpseXNTa3dMUE5EeG1kWmlsaUM0ZnptdTRCVTVtL2p1K1Boc2FuYzdyU0d1eUhFZVdOclNRYlZiR0l1Mkl0Mm1lWGpwWnFNa3F5YnlGR3JnbUxKV1NpdUhlYVEwcFdlV3JCdG4iLCJtYWMiOiI2NDNlNTg1NmE0NjczMzQ4NWUzODdiNTg2MjVmMTI1YjY1MmY5MGFjNWI5MjA5Y2QzMmIzZDM5MmQzZDI4M2U0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:23:22 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkgrTWliaS8vcnJweThBQkZaT3BYWmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTENFS2hURkVKV3p4WEdScVdpd2owZ2pHUE9MbUpseXNTa3dMUE5EeG1kWmlsaUM0ZnptdTRCVTVtL2p1K1Boc2FuYzdyU" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitYNlloanhmK1hjVHVDN0xUL2NHanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibkN4WEJJOVVWdjJGMC9FY2JtaWxsWWxKZ241VVNpalpwRmlqa0IxMVp2Ni9UNENsQ3lyUGNoZnEwcUhabVd3YlRHd3YvQkhhd2djNEdaZndlTEt0M1EvSkJJOUV2STh6K1ZnK29za2w4UnYvWEw0RmJQK013OWdHU2hUUEIyYkkiLCJtYWMiOiI0ZGIzOTcwMjQzZjQzZmVkZDk5ZDBhZWQyOTc1NWUxYTkwMGRhZjNhYTZjOTNmZmJkZjEzMTBlYTg2MTU5MDI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitYNlloanhmK1hjVHVDN0xUL2NHanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibkN4WEJJOVVWdjJGMC9FY2JtaWxsWWxKZ241VVNpalpwRmlqa0IxMVp2Ni9UNENsQ3lyUGNoZnE" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkgrTWliaS8vcnJweThBQkZaT3BYWmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTENFS2hURkVKV3p4WEdScVdpd2owZ2pHUE9MbUpseXNTa3dMUE5EeG1kWmlsaUM0ZnptdTRCVTVtL2p1K1Boc2FuYzdyU0d1eUhFZVdOclNRYlZiR0l1Mkl0Mm1lWGpwWnFNa3F5YnlGR3JnbUxKV1NpdUhlYVEwcFdlV3JCdG4iLCJtYWMiOiI2NDNlNTg1NmE0NjczMzQ4NWUzODdiNTg2MjVmMTI1YjY1MmY5MGFjNWI5MjA5Y2QzMmIzZDM5MmQzZDI4M2U0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:23:22 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkgrTWliaS8vcnJweThBQkZaT3BYWmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTENFS2hURkVKV3p4WEdScVdpd2owZ2pHUE9MbUpseXNTa3dMUE5EeG1kWmlsaUM0ZnptdTRCVTVtL2p1K1Boc2FuYzdyU" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitYNlloanhmK1hjVHVDN0xUL2NHanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibkN4WEJJOVVWdjJGMC9FY2JtaWxsWWxKZ241VVNpalpwRmlqa0IxMVp2Ni9UNENsQ3lyUGNoZnEwcUhabVd3YlRHd3YvQkhhd2djNEdaZndlTEt0M1EvSkJJOUV2STh6K1ZnK29za2w4UnYvWEw0RmJQK013OWdHU2hUUEIyYkkiLCJtYWMiOiI0ZGIzOTcwMjQzZjQzZmVkZDk5ZDBhZWQyOTc1NWUxYTkwMGRhZjNhYTZjOTNmZmJkZjEzMTBlYTg2MTU5MDI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitYNlloanhmK1hjVHVDN0xUL2NHanc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibkN4WEJJOVVWdjJGMC9FY2JtaWxsWWxKZ241VVNpalpwRmlqa0IxMVp2Ni9UNENsQ3lyUGNoZnE" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "huv34Qvt6YamsEHgwiPmnKUm5xh7VgveRCMBpZu9" "uc_cart_id" => "cd1637b73ae74dd3ef0f94831f2ede7a" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18698" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:23:22GET/chapter/18698112192