Smart Materials Design for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Applications

Nanostructured Two-Dimensional (2D) Materials as Potential Candidates for EMI Shielding

Author(s): Ayushi Saini, Anil Ohlan, S. K. Dhawan and Kuldeep Singh * .

Pp: 465-526 (62)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815036428122010014

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

For an effective EMI shielding, materials should have high electrical conductivity as EMI attenuation is a sum of relfection, absorption, and multiple relfections which requires the existence of mobile charge carriers (electrons or holes), electric and/or magnetic dipoles, usually provided by materials having high dielectric constants (ε) or magnetic permeability (μ) and the large surface area or interface area. Until now, a metal shroud was the material of choice as an EMI shield. However, metal fillers add additional weight and are susceptible to corrosion, making them less desirable. Therefore, we have focused on new emerging two-dimensional 2D nanomaterials that are light in weight and have a low cost. Here, the focus is to address the challenges in their synthesis especially transition metal carbides (MXenes), MoS2, functionalized graphene/ferromagnetic conducting polymer composites, and their fabrication for EMI reductions. These articles also evaluate and explain the recent progress explicitly and underline the complex interplay of its intrinsic properties of 2D nanostructured materials (MXene, MoS2, Graphene/ferromagnetic polymer composite) as a potential candidate for EMI shielding and evaluate their electromagnetic compatibility. The chapter will cover the facets related to a newly emerging area of EMI shields in the automotive industry, especially lithium-ion battery-operated electric vehicles and self-driving cars, high-speed wireless communication devices, and next-generation mobile phones with 4G and 5G technology.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58841643 and j.to_ip >=58841643 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515076 and j.to_date >= 1740515076 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18146) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58841643 and j.to_ip >=58841643 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515076 and j.to_date >= 1740515076 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18146) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58841643 and j.to_ip >=58841643 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515076 and j.to_date >= 1740515076 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 18146)
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3428 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740515076 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740515076 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3428
      • 3: 1740515076
      • 4: 1740515076
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='7c9204093a92ea37cf1b3313fc264c19'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        JuP2rGT3Q7w7xr1vrEtSPJNJNmCHp0kdYlx9f4nl
        uc_cart_id
        7c9204093a92ea37cf1b3313fc264c19
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18146" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/18146
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InN1TEZuTHdrMWNRL2dSM3l5WE5RK0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieTdDOElxN0tWYkpVYStjajdUbm91bE1TeHc4N1pZZ1ltejlZdElVKzR3ST0iLCJtYWMiOiJjYjNjOGE5M2Q1ODYxOTY5MDNhOTc4NGQ3OWJkYjUzMDE5ZjE3MTRhMzIwMDQ2Yzg1MmZiM2I5NmRiYTAwOGE4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InN1TEZuTHdrMWNRL2dSM3l5WE5RK0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieTdDOElxN0tWYkpVYStjajdUbm91bE1TeHc4N1pZZ1ltejlZdElVKzR3ST0iLCJtYWMiOiJjYjNjOGE5M2Q1ODYx" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:24:36 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlVnNUVCSmNINzJaRFhXbDlYYk8zV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWo4ZnlEcjE1bS80R1NsSVRzR1BjeEZPVGV1eW9xOFdaU3dGRUxBcTNtcHVmbXpjbEdlcWJsa0wvNzlVQjZZbzJoVG9sa1dqUGx6STg5UUgrelRqcmc0UnRJWHZhdUR0Y3BMbDZJZ09MTjhxOFlxdTBFYTl5bWllaThaWDR2WEciLCJtYWMiOiI4NWNmNWE4OGVmZTdjYTBkZmM3ZTg3NWVkM2U1OGJkMjlmY2IzYWM1OTIwNzJiN2YzMDA4ZjhjNjkxNzY4ZGViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:24:36 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlVnNUVCSmNINzJaRFhXbDlYYk8zV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWo4ZnlEcjE1bS80R1NsSVRzR1BjeEZPVGV1eW9xOFdaU3dGRUxBcTNtcHVmbXpjbEdlcWJsa0wvNzlVQjZZbzJoVG9sa" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ijg2WS9BQUxzVTRJaitQbDNtS21tUFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiL1duTUVnNzczREtyZkprT3NNQVF2ZThjYStVcm9Xd3Y2enpGUVl5dU84OWdIa2xFalRMZnRYUEozaWRyV0ZpRVVXSllSMEhQZGR0ZHQ0SkdKbitMZnJFUjU4N0pwYXIrZG1na2FINFJXeWZmdy8yRk9kQitlK3M0VnBya2MzNWwiLCJtYWMiOiJlNjM3YjE4ZjcxNTY4OGIwMDU0ODg4ZjUxMTlkMTMxNDU2MGNjOThkOWU1MDk4MjFjYTcxNmU4ZmZkYmQyMmJiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ijg2WS9BQUxzVTRJaitQbDNtS21tUFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiL1duTUVnNzczREtyZkprT3NNQVF2ZThjYStVcm9Xd3Y2enpGUVl5dU84OWdIa2xFalRMZnRYUEo" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlVnNUVCSmNINzJaRFhXbDlYYk8zV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWo4ZnlEcjE1bS80R1NsSVRzR1BjeEZPVGV1eW9xOFdaU3dGRUxBcTNtcHVmbXpjbEdlcWJsa0wvNzlVQjZZbzJoVG9sa1dqUGx6STg5UUgrelRqcmc0UnRJWHZhdUR0Y3BMbDZJZ09MTjhxOFlxdTBFYTl5bWllaThaWDR2WEciLCJtYWMiOiI4NWNmNWE4OGVmZTdjYTBkZmM3ZTg3NWVkM2U1OGJkMjlmY2IzYWM1OTIwNzJiN2YzMDA4ZjhjNjkxNzY4ZGViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:24:36 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlVnNUVCSmNINzJaRFhXbDlYYk8zV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWo4ZnlEcjE1bS80R1NsSVRzR1BjeEZPVGV1eW9xOFdaU3dGRUxBcTNtcHVmbXpjbEdlcWJsa0wvNzlVQjZZbzJoVG9sa" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ijg2WS9BQUxzVTRJaitQbDNtS21tUFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiL1duTUVnNzczREtyZkprT3NNQVF2ZThjYStVcm9Xd3Y2enpGUVl5dU84OWdIa2xFalRMZnRYUEozaWRyV0ZpRVVXSllSMEhQZGR0ZHQ0SkdKbitMZnJFUjU4N0pwYXIrZG1na2FINFJXeWZmdy8yRk9kQitlK3M0VnBya2MzNWwiLCJtYWMiOiJlNjM3YjE4ZjcxNTY4OGIwMDU0ODg4ZjUxMTlkMTMxNDU2MGNjOThkOWU1MDk4MjFjYTcxNmU4ZmZkYmQyMmJiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ijg2WS9BQUxzVTRJaitQbDNtS21tUFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiL1duTUVnNzczREtyZkprT3NNQVF2ZThjYStVcm9Xd3Y2enpGUVl5dU84OWdIa2xFalRMZnRYUEo" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "JuP2rGT3Q7w7xr1vrEtSPJNJNmCHp0kdYlx9f4nl" "uc_cart_id" => "7c9204093a92ea37cf1b3313fc264c19" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/18146" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:24:36GET/chapter/18146112192