Abstract
A balance between demineralization and remineralization is crucial for
caries progression. Dental caries can progress if demineralization, which is associated
with pathogenic factors, outweighs remineralization, which is linked to protective
factors. In some sites, carious lesions are benign, whereas in others they progress and
invade deep cavities. Dental caries can be classified according to the site where they
occur and their size. Untreated carious lesions can lead to pulpal and periapical
diseases. Treatment plan options are based on the diagnosis (pulpal or periapical).