Applications of Nanomaterials in Energy Storage and Electronics

New Frontiers of Graphene Based Nanohybrids for Energy Harvesting Applications

Author(s): Sriparna De*, Arpita Adhikari and Dipankar Chattopadhyay

Pp: 78-103 (26)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815050714122030008

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Graphene has gained recognition within the research community owing to its fascinating properties in the plethora of energy-related applications. The properties include high thermal and electrical conductivity, greater mechanical strength, optical translucency, intrinsic flexibility, massive surface area, and distinctive two-dimensional structure. Graphene is highly competent in enriching the functional performance, endurance, stability of many applications. However, still ample research diversity will be desirable for graphene commercialization in energy sectors. This intuitive scrutinization reconnoitered the talented employment arena of graphene in various energy storage and harvesting fields. The amplification of the versatile applicability of graphene and comprehensive perception regarding pros and cons of graphene based nanohybrids could critically pinpoint current constrictions by upgrading its characteristics performance. The chapter provides an insight into the unique features of graphene and amalgamation with nanomaterials to enlighten its various energy-related applications, including supercapacitors, biosensors, solar cells, batteries. With the breakneck miniaturization in the employment of graphene in various energy-relevant applications, it is crucial to epitomize align="center" and figure out the progressive momentum of graphene and its nanohybrids in several energy-related application territories. 


Keywords: Batteries, Conductivity, Energy storage, Energy harvesting, Fuel cell, Graphene, Nanomaterial, Nanohybrid, Surface area, Sensor, Supercapacitor, Solar cell.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221948497 and j.to_ip >=221948497 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739972033 and j.to_date >= 1739972033 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 17524) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221948497 and j.to_ip >=221948497 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739972033 and j.to_date >= 1739972033 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 17524) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 221948497 and j.to_ip >=221948497 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739972033 and j.to_date >= 1739972033 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 17524)
      990μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3386 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739972033 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739972033 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3386
      • 3: 1739972033
      • 4: 1739972033
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='2d17c09d052846e4e75622f6968cbf7d'
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    12Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        3DMwkLJb8quw5gwZ8wmbo3EMEi9GlU1WtCaJnlbM
        uc_cart_id
        2d17c09d052846e4e75622f6968cbf7d
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/17524" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/17524
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImtQaHZEeGd1ckxEdDRxeHhSNGJUeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjljRjdXTGRnMW0yVkh6eDQ1Rzl4S3AxYVZsYlZnaXVTd09qTkpTQjlBUT0iLCJtYWMiOiJmNGJhMGU1MjAyOGJkZjI1MmNkNDlmOGY3ZTU1ODcwMGRlNWVhZWY0ZDI3NDYwYzVmN2M5ZTI1YmM3NGI3YWU0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImtQaHZEeGd1ckxEdDRxeHhSNGJUeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjljRjdXTGRnMW0yVkh6eDQ1Rzl4S3AxYVZsYlZnaXVTd09qTkpTQjlBUT0iLCJtYWMiOiJmNGJhMGU1MjAyOGJk" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 19 Feb 2025 13:33:53 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InVXdnFielhxazNoK2RMcEpjaEd6aGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibzVSbUk4TTVnTnRyNTZ4UUlTRXU2UmI5dW90RnhIV2MvYUc3YTdzMUN4aEpuZzZHQktaYmdGY09KMzRWVjZZaEhmTWVTSVBHb2tyTGJXTXFPQVpMSnRCQWVOQVg4ejU5V1IyamJhSTBpaHJuZG8rbWlqRlBkV2Q4QU1PVE5NSm4iLCJtYWMiOiI2YjBhYTVlMjRjMzJlNGZlN2Q0NmUzMWQwZDQ4OTU2MDI4MTNjNmQyZDgzYjY5NzQ1NjlkM2E4NDI2MDcyZDM1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22 Feb 2025 01:33:53 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InVXdnFielhxazNoK2RMcEpjaEd6aGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibzVSbUk4TTVnTnRyNTZ4UUlTRXU2UmI5dW90RnhIV2MvYUc3YTdzMUN4aEpuZzZHQktaYmdGY09KMzRWVjZZaEhmTWVTS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImQ1MnM3amxGbHI5MFBpYkljcWRldFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSVpJZ1R3cC9kNDRkeHMvVVZBYWNmaEFoa2lGaEpxSFpVZ3JhK2I2K3dhQlgydy9iQ0dhMVRtZ25sUkVzcXRSUzFES3ExTXJkQ0s4c283Sm1CdjhmQW1ZdFNldHRObTV1VkFtamNreWRubUdSMlVwSmUrM3ZZRkJxYVJ1UGMyTXUiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZDE3ZTBjMTZjNTgyNjg5YjgzN2Y0NDdlOWVlMGE0Y2E5Zjc5NjZmZDIzMDlhOGNhZjUyNDU5NDFkNTdmOGE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImQ1MnM3amxGbHI5MFBpYkljcWRldFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSVpJZ1R3cC9kNDRkeHMvVVZBYWNmaEFoa2lGaEpxSFpVZ3JhK2I2K3dhQlgydy9iQ0dhMVRtZ25" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InVXdnFielhxazNoK2RMcEpjaEd6aGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibzVSbUk4TTVnTnRyNTZ4UUlTRXU2UmI5dW90RnhIV2MvYUc3YTdzMUN4aEpuZzZHQktaYmdGY09KMzRWVjZZaEhmTWVTSVBHb2tyTGJXTXFPQVpMSnRCQWVOQVg4ejU5V1IyamJhSTBpaHJuZG8rbWlqRlBkV2Q4QU1PVE5NSm4iLCJtYWMiOiI2YjBhYTVlMjRjMzJlNGZlN2Q0NmUzMWQwZDQ4OTU2MDI4MTNjNmQyZDgzYjY5NzQ1NjlkM2E4NDI2MDcyZDM1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22-Feb-2025 01:33:53 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InVXdnFielhxazNoK2RMcEpjaEd6aGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibzVSbUk4TTVnTnRyNTZ4UUlTRXU2UmI5dW90RnhIV2MvYUc3YTdzMUN4aEpuZzZHQktaYmdGY09KMzRWVjZZaEhmTWVTS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImQ1MnM3amxGbHI5MFBpYkljcWRldFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSVpJZ1R3cC9kNDRkeHMvVVZBYWNmaEFoa2lGaEpxSFpVZ3JhK2I2K3dhQlgydy9iQ0dhMVRtZ25sUkVzcXRSUzFES3ExTXJkQ0s4c283Sm1CdjhmQW1ZdFNldHRObTV1VkFtamNreWRubUdSMlVwSmUrM3ZZRkJxYVJ1UGMyTXUiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZDE3ZTBjMTZjNTgyNjg5YjgzN2Y0NDdlOWVlMGE0Y2E5Zjc5NjZmZDIzMDlhOGNhZjUyNDU5NDFkNTdmOGE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImQ1MnM3amxGbHI5MFBpYkljcWRldFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSVpJZ1R3cC9kNDRkeHMvVVZBYWNmaEFoa2lGaEpxSFpVZ3JhK2I2K3dhQlgydy9iQ0dhMVRtZ25" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "3DMwkLJb8quw5gwZ8wmbo3EMEi9GlU1WtCaJnlbM" "uc_cart_id" => "2d17c09d052846e4e75622f6968cbf7d" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/17524" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 13:33:53GET/chapter/175241121914