Abstract
Advances in upper airway evaluation, along with the improved
understanding of OSA phenotypes and evolving approaches to surgical techniques,
have enabled targeted multi-level interventions for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A
variety of surgical techniques to address the nasal cavity, palate, oropharynx,
hypopharynx, tongue, epiglottis and facial skeleton exist. Surgery has proven to be an
effective treatment modality that reduces objective and subjective OSA measures as
well as associated neurocognitive and cardiovascular morbidities.
Keywords: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE), Genioglossus Advancement (GGA), Lingual Tonsillectomy, Maxillomandibular Advancement (MMA), Palatine Tonsillectomy, Palatopharyngoplasty (PPP), Septoplasty, Turbinate Reduction, Upper Airway Stimulation (UAS).
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