Yeasts: From Nature to Bioprocesses

Yeasts: From the Laboratory to Bioprocesses

Author(s): Barbara Dunn* and Boris U. Stambuk

Pp: 396-430 (35)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815051063122020016

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Yeasts are important industrial platforms for the efficient production of
foods, beverages, commodity chemicals, and biofuels. Although these yeasts usually
have beneficial native phenotypes, it is often desirable to engineer these cell factories
to increase yield, titer, and production rates, or even promote the production of new
molecules. In the present chapter, we describe several classical genetic approaches to
improve industrial yeast strains (mating, cell and protoplast fusion techniques,
mutagenesis, genome shuffling, adaptive laboratory evolution, etc.), as well as methods
to identify the genetic basis of phenotypic traits, including phenotypes controlled by
quantitative trait loci (QTL), through bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and DNA
sequencing. We then review modern technologies for industrial yeast strain
improvement (genomic engineering through homologous recombination, CRISPRCas9,
synthetic chromosomes, synthetic genomes and SCRaMbLE) both in
conventional (mostly Saccharomyces strains) as well as non-conventional yeasts.
Finally, we give several current examples (and ideas for the future) of yeast strains
genetically modified in the laboratory to produce a range of commercial products and
biofuels through industrial bioprocesses.


Keywords: CRISPR-Cas9, Genetic engineering, Genomic engineering, Homologous recombination, SCRaMbLE, Synthetic chromosomes, Yeast breeding.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51137665 and j.to_ip >=51137665 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739835122 and j.to_date >= 1739835122 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16685) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51137665 and j.to_ip >=51137665 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739835122 and j.to_date >= 1739835122 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16685) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51137665 and j.to_ip >=51137665 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739835122 and j.to_date >= 1739835122 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16685)
      540μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3321 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739835122 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739835122 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.06msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3321
      • 3: 1739835122
      • 4: 1739835122
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='679407a074cc605d1ace3cdcf3b3510e'
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    7Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        eeI9S2fSSwR2AUZOfvCR7GrLL5hsrgdgpJzhEjiE
        uc_cart_id
        679407a074cc605d1ace3cdcf3b3510e
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/16685" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/16685
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
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        response_headers
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        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:32:02GET/chapter/16685112199