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Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Biosensing and Diagnostic Technique for Healthcare Applications

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Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Based Rapid Pathogen Detection

Author(s): Ujjal Kumar Sur* and Amar Ghosh

Pp: 131-153 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815039115121010008

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

During an epidemic, it is judgmentally vital to monitor the spread of the
disease by proper diagnostic testing to detect pathogens. However, inadequate numbers
of testing can hamper the detection of pathogens to prevent the spread. Consequently,
healthcare systems require tests that are rapid, sensitive, inexpensive, and easy to use
for diagnosing infections at earlier stages, even before symptoms become apparent, to
reduce both the transmission and mortality rates. Among new and novel detection
protocol, Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a versatile and
popular surface sensitive spectroscopic analytical tool in consequence of the colossal
amplification of weak Raman signal in the presence of plasmonic nanoparticles
providing suitable detection of various chemical and biological systems and can be
further utilized for rapid detection of pathogens. SERS technique has diverse
applications ranging from plasmonics, sensing, catalysis to biomedical applications and
diagnostics. This novel powerful analytical technique has been utilized to detect
various biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids both qualitative and
quantitatively. SERS can even be used to detect pathogens including bacteria and
viruses within a short timescale. There are few review articles written on the SERS
based detection of various biomolecules. SERS technique has the great capability of a
versatile bioanalytical tool for forefront implementations such as microorganism. In
this book chapter, the exploitation of various SERS active substrates for the rapid
identification of pathogens like viruses and bacteria has been discussed. The various
studies involving the utilization of SERS technique to detect pathogens has been
reviewed by us comprehensively in a comparative manner providing a novel approach
in terms of diagnostics applications. Some examples have been illustrated from the
recent studies on the detection of pathogens by SERS technique from our research
group.

Keywords: Bacteria, Biosynthesis, Pathogen Detection, Raman Scattering, Silver Nanoparticles, Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering.

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