Science of Spices and Culinary Herbs - Latest Laboratory, Pre-clinical, and Clinical Studies

Volume: 5

Zingiber officinale: The Golden Spice, As Portrayed in Ayurveda

Author(s): Rabinarayan Acharya* and Om Prakash Rout

Pp: 78-114 (37)

DOI: 10.2174/9789814998154121050006

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Zingiberaceae) - Ginger, an essential raw spice and natural medicine, plays an important role in the kitchen (a food spice) and has medicinal uses worldwide for health benefits. It is an ancient recipe of Indian systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy. Ginger is one of the important drugs of the Ayurvedic System of Medicine, known as the universal medicine (Viswabhesaja), and found in almost all classical formulations of Ayurveda for the treatment of different diseases, and the majority of Ayurvedic prescription drugs contain ginger as one of the ingredients. The present paper highlights the use of Zingiber officinale in the Ayurveda system of medicine in India. In Ayurveda, Zingiber officinale is used both in fresh (Ardraka) and dry (Shunthi) forms. Description of the drug appears in almost all pharmacopeia of Ayurveda known as Nighantu (lexicons), Samhita (treaties), Chikitsagrantha (Compendia), and Rasa grantha (Pharmacopeia), etc. Dry ginger is one of the ingredients of Trikatu (group of three pungent spices), a famous Ayurvedic formulation for the treatment of digestive and other disorders.

In Ayurveda, fresh ginger alone or along with other drugs is used in fever, coryza, and bronchial asthma, cough, disorders due to change of place, inadequate digestion, diarrhea, anorexia, piles, oedema, abdominal disorders, fainting, urticaria, earache, and rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Dry ginger alone or with other medicines is used for fever, diarrhea, loss of appetite, indigestion, malabsorption syndrome, piles, hyperacidity, abdominal pain, heart diseases, abdominal lump, diseases of abdomen, oedema, hiccough and bronchial asthma, cough, alcoholism, rheumatoid arthritis, filarial, diseases of the mouth, diseases of the ear, eye diseases, diseases of the head, for purifying breast milk, jaundice and scorpion poisoning, etc.

Recent research works have shown that the drug has nutritional value and has been clinically evaluated and found to be effective in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting, excessive menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea, cancer, diabetics, and rheumatic disorders, etc. The rhizome is rich in volatile oils (known as ginger essential oils), containing active compounds such as [6]-gingerol (a phenylpropanoid, pungent compound found in fresh ginger), [6]-shogaols (a dehydrated form of gingerols formed when ginger is dried or cooked, responsible for the pungency of dry ginger), zingiberol, Zingiberone, and α-Zingiberene. The plant has a number of chemicals responsible for its medicinal uses, including antiarthritis, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal properties, etc.


Keywords: Ardrak, Dry Ginger, Fresh Ginger, Green Ginger, Shunthi, Spice, Trikatu, Zingiber officinale.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59134794 and j.to_ip >=59134794 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834443 and j.to_date >= 1739834443 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16057) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59134794 and j.to_ip >=59134794 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834443 and j.to_date >= 1739834443 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16057) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59134794 and j.to_ip >=59134794 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834443 and j.to_date >= 1739834443 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16057)
      760μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3164 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834443 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834443 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.48msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3164
      • 3: 1739834443
      • 4: 1739834443
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='3a282c8a5de5dabbb0bb353a67b6adf0'
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    8Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        XC87rDKCYoPItlHgkfT4lJUDl23yYWwFw9Ue05Hx
        uc_cart_id
        3a282c8a5de5dabbb0bb353a67b6adf0
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/16057" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/16057
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
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        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "XC87rDKCYoPItlHgkfT4lJUDl23yYWwFw9Ue05Hx" "uc_cart_id" => "3a282c8a5de5dabbb0bb353a67b6adf0" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/16057" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:20:43GET/chapter/160571121910