Topics in Anti-Cancer Research

Volume: 10

Peptides Can Play a Major Role in Combating Cancer Diseases

Author(s): Mohammad Hassan Houshdar Tehrani * .

Pp: 1-23 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815039290121100003

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Cancer diseases affecting many organs of human body have caused a major concern among the people all over the world. The conventional anticancer drugs, although have given some relief in the patient conditions, still cannot provide reliable treatment. Moreover, these drugs produce side effects in patients and in the worse cases, the problem of rising resistance phenomena against such drugs gradually put the patients’ lives even in more serious situation. Therefore, identifying and introducing compounds with new identities to produce effective treatment with low side effects are highly demanded. Small peptides with anticancer activity have been shown to fulfill this demand. Peptides, with naturally or synthetic origin, have several advantages over common drug molecules such as low toxicity, low immunogenicity, amenable to several changes in their sequences and thus giving various homologues or analogues. Moreover, peptides in conjugation with heterocyclic active compounds and/or known anticancer drugs may result in molecules with new identities which show both benefits of individual components within their unit structures. In this regard, peptide conjugates may play a role, not only as anticancer agents but also as cell-membrane penetrating and/ or cell targeting agents to help direct cancerous tissue internalization of the known anticancer agents, and so, preventing or lowering the incidence of side effects of the anticancer drugs on healthy tissues. In this chapter on the basis of several experiments, information about various peptide categories, their analogues and conjugation with other bioactive compounds is given. The discussion is focused on the anticancer activity of peptides, those primarily known for other biological activities. Understanding the cause of these activities may help to find out and make clearer the mechanism of anticancer activity of the peptides.


Keywords: Anticancer, Bioactive compounds, Cell-membrane penetrating, Cell targeting agents, Peptides, Peptide conjugation.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59615104 and j.to_ip >=59615104 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739987581 and j.to_date >= 1739987581 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16045) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59615104 and j.to_ip >=59615104 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739987581 and j.to_date >= 1739987581 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16045) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59615104 and j.to_ip >=59615104 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739987581 and j.to_date >= 1739987581 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 16045)
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3163 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739987581 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739987581 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.14msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3163
      • 3: 1739987581
      • 4: 1739987581
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='b23b4c97f46286b25f060509bab20b4e'
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    6Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        AmS17qnW0DGiFuQFDzYcjhKab79jqqSCtzZGNduA
        uc_cart_id
        b23b4c97f46286b25f060509bab20b4e
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/16045" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/16045
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IktMTGJFQlVuTWxaY3NHTzZvMTZ4YlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWnl5ejV5bGFpM3VrWVRwcFdGczg3UmQ1dmU4U3p2cXlzc1pEZSt0NFl6WT0iLCJtYWMiOiI0MjVjMWE0NGFhNWE3YTUzYmU1MzE3NDAyM2UwMTdmOTk2N2QzNjMyZjQ0YjYwNzg2M2ZiOGMyNzA3ZWQzZDE2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IktMTGJFQlVuTWxaY3NHTzZvMTZ4YlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWnl5ejV5bGFpM3VrWVRwcFdGczg3UmQ1dmU4U3p2cXlzc1pEZSt0NFl6WT0iLCJtYWMiOiI0MjVjMWE0NGFhNWE3" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 19 Feb 2025 17:53:01 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imc3aVE0aW1xbVNURUMwU2lSbVBVbnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTVdmTUx4TXZWRDZoODlsK0VCQVlmRG1Hc3RHWVlib2o5LzMzM3JGdmI5SGcvbkh1bHpaaDNvZDJmREdQQkNXTzR4NDRZT2h3Nm9UcDdmQndWNGVKbmpBd20wT054Q0wrcTBMM0FMYUVXaExTTUlWbG5FUCtDS0FvakZyT0l5bFgiLCJtYWMiOiJmNDk0YjdiNjJhNjI5NWRiM2ZhNGM3ZmRkODRkM2JmNTZlOGYwNGQ5MjkwMjhiZGU5ZTVjMWQ4ZjZhZjFlNjExIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22 Feb 2025 05:53:01 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imc3aVE0aW1xbVNURUMwU2lSbVBVbnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTVdmTUx4TXZWRDZoODlsK0VCQVlmRG1Hc3RHWVlib2o5LzMzM3JGdmI5SGcvbkh1bHpaaDNvZDJmREdQQkNXTzR4NDRZT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InVmYW9TNUxST1R0ekczN1BjV2h6Zmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOEYwQTYyK09jdDJZODljaTlUdGhUSUhVcFpraStIcHNkSDc5ZlJubUtvYTFyQVU4VGk4S1g2cnNEbjR1b0VPMHlNRTVkam1oMUNxOHp5MXBnNGF6VnlrYmhpSmI2YU9tdjNEN285VC8xeXZQREczUTdYTFZ1MzF1dFI4UnhLcWQiLCJtYWMiOiJjZDBlMGVmNjM0ZWI0MzhlNzZiMGU5OTgxN2U2ZDc3YjNmOGFhNjMyNzQwMTA0Yjk5MmQ0MDMwOTU5NTA5MjgyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InVmYW9TNUxST1R0ekczN1BjV2h6Zmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOEYwQTYyK09jdDJZODljaTlUdGhUSUhVcFpraStIcHNkSDc5ZlJubUtvYTFyQVU4VGk4S1g2cnN" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imc3aVE0aW1xbVNURUMwU2lSbVBVbnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTVdmTUx4TXZWRDZoODlsK0VCQVlmRG1Hc3RHWVlib2o5LzMzM3JGdmI5SGcvbkh1bHpaaDNvZDJmREdQQkNXTzR4NDRZT2h3Nm9UcDdmQndWNGVKbmpBd20wT054Q0wrcTBMM0FMYUVXaExTTUlWbG5FUCtDS0FvakZyT0l5bFgiLCJtYWMiOiJmNDk0YjdiNjJhNjI5NWRiM2ZhNGM3ZmRkODRkM2JmNTZlOGYwNGQ5MjkwMjhiZGU5ZTVjMWQ4ZjZhZjFlNjExIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22-Feb-2025 05:53:01 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Imc3aVE0aW1xbVNURUMwU2lSbVBVbnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTVdmTUx4TXZWRDZoODlsK0VCQVlmRG1Hc3RHWVlib2o5LzMzM3JGdmI5SGcvbkh1bHpaaDNvZDJmREdQQkNXTzR4NDRZT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InVmYW9TNUxST1R0ekczN1BjV2h6Zmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOEYwQTYyK09jdDJZODljaTlUdGhUSUhVcFpraStIcHNkSDc5ZlJubUtvYTFyQVU4VGk4S1g2cnNEbjR1b0VPMHlNRTVkam1oMUNxOHp5MXBnNGF6VnlrYmhpSmI2YU9tdjNEN285VC8xeXZQREczUTdYTFZ1MzF1dFI4UnhLcWQiLCJtYWMiOiJjZDBlMGVmNjM0ZWI0MzhlNzZiMGU5OTgxN2U2ZDc3YjNmOGFhNjMyNzQwMTA0Yjk5MmQ0MDMwOTU5NTA5MjgyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InVmYW9TNUxST1R0ekczN1BjV2h6Zmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOEYwQTYyK09jdDJZODljaTlUdGhUSUhVcFpraStIcHNkSDc5ZlJubUtvYTFyQVU4VGk4S1g2cnN" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "AmS17qnW0DGiFuQFDzYcjhKab79jqqSCtzZGNduA" "uc_cart_id" => "b23b4c97f46286b25f060509bab20b4e" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/16045" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 17:53:01GET/chapter/16045112198